Sovereign asset and liability analysis
Fund assets, reserves, debt and guarantees are set on one balance sheet by currency, maturity and liquidity, so that mismatches a debt figure alone hides become visible.
GRA · Sovereign Capital Nexus
Spatial financeWhere capital meets hazard, exposure and transition
Financial economics for sovereign balance sheets
Financial economics traces how shocks reach sovereign balance sheets through prices, rates and balance sheet links: commodity revenue, portfolio losses, rising borrowing costs and the ties between banks, state enterprises and the sovereign. It is the main lens for reading sovereign wealth and sovereign debt together.
01Qeyd
Financial economics for sovereign balance sheets on the record.
Method recordSTEM method
- RêbazAboriya fînansî û makro-fînans
- ParêzvanAramiya darayî
- Applied inSovereign Capital Nexus
- Dane5 inputs
- Checks4 validation steps
- Canonical pageSTEM Commons
02Serlêdan
What financial economics and macro-finance does here.
Financial economics and macro-finance study how asset prices, credit and financial institutions interact with the real economy. They explain how shocks are amplified or absorbed through balance sheets and markets. In sovereign and public finance and capital markets and investment, financial economics traces how physical, health or cyber shocks transmit to credit, sovereign debt and markets. It informs macroprudential policy and the pricing of risk. The canonical description is on the STEM Commons.
Sovereign, bank and enterprise feedback
Domestic banks’ holdings of government bonds and the government’s guarantees to banks and enterprises are mapped, to trace how distress in one balance sheet moves to the others.
Asset-liability stress testing for funds
Market, commodity and interest rate shocks are applied jointly to fund portfolios and fiscal financing needs, to see whether liquid assets cover withdrawals when markets fall.
03Çavdêrî bike
Econometric model.
The screen a team would use to follow this method: its measures, states and decisions. Names are examples and values are illustrative.
Econometric model
Sovereign capital · Financial economics for sovereign · Run R-3774
Estimates stableGRA · Sovereign Capital Nexus
Estimates
robust standard errors
| Assets under management | 0.31 | 0.16 | [0.0, 0.8] | Erê |
| Liquidity tranche cover | 0.21 | 0.16 | [−0.1, 0.7] | Na |
| Drawdown in severe scenario | 0.19 | 0.10 | [−0.3, 0.3] | Na |
| Domestic investment share | 0.15 | 0.05 | [0.0, 0.3] | Na |
Method card
- Rêbaz
- Aboriya fînansî û makro-fînans
- Sample
- 10,079 obs
- Sêwirandin
- panel, fixed effects
- Nîşan
- MODELKIRÎ
Residuals by group
04Dane
What the method consumes.
Datasets and records used by financial economics and macro-finance on this platform, with the role each plays and the label its values carry. Sources are listed in the source register.
| Dane | Rol | Nîşan |
|---|---|---|
| Debt securities statistics and sovereign yields | Borrowing cost and refinancing conditions | ÇAVDÊRÎKIRÎ |
| Public sector balance sheet data | Assets, liabilities and net worth | TEXMÎNKIRÎ |
| Fund annual reports | Allocation, returns and liquidity | REPORTED |
| Bank holdings of government debt | Sovereign and bank exposure | Statîstîkên weşandî |
| IMF COFER and CPIS | Reserve currency and portfolio exposure | Statîstîkên weşandî |
05Scenario model
Sovereign debt paths and the odds of breaching a threshold.
The distribution of debt paths, and the share above a threshold of concern at the horizon, that sovereign investors and rating analysts read from a fan chart. Teaching model with stated illustrative values, not a prediction.
- Median, 25% to 75% and 10% to 90% bands
- No shocks
Kontrol
- Debt today
- 70% of GDP
- Effective nominal interest rate
- 5.0%
- Nominal GDP growth
- 4.5%
- Primary balance
- −0.5% of GDP
- Volatility of growth
- 2.0 points
- Volatility of the interest rate
- 1.0 points
- Salên pêş
- 10 years
- Threshold of concern
- 90% of GDP
Xwendin
- Median debt at the horizon
- 78% of GDP
- Paths above the threshold at the horizon
- 2%
- Primary balance that stabilises debt
- 0.3% of GDP
Jimar, rêbaz û çavkanî
| Sal | 10% | 25% | Median | 75% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 |
| 1 | 68.8 | 69.7 | 70.9 | 71.8 | 72.8 |
| 2 | 68.9 | 70.1 | 71.6 | 73.1 | 74.7 |
| 3 | 69.3 | 70.6 | 72.3 | 74.3 | 76.1 |
| 4 | 69.5 | 71.1 | 72.9 | 75.4 | 77.6 |
| 5 | 69.9 | 71.7 | 74.0 | 76.6 | 78.8 |
| 6 | 70.1 | 72.1 | 74.8 | 77.8 | 80.4 |
| 7 | 70.6 | 73.1 | 76.0 | 78.9 | 81.9 |
| 8 | 71.1 | 73.7 | 76.6 | 79.8 | 82.9 |
| 9 | 71.4 | 74.4 | 77.5 | 80.5 | 84.4 |
| 10 | 72.1 | 75.1 | 78.3 | 81.8 | 85.7 |
Rêbaz
- Debt dynamics and the interest-growth differential Blanchard (2019), Public debt and low interest rates, American Economic Review 109
- Stochastic fan charts Celasun, Debrun and Ostry (2006), IMF Staff Papers 53
- Sovereign risk and debt sustainability framework IMF (2022), Staff Guidance Note on the SRDSF
Dane
No observed data enters this model: it runs on the teaching values set by the controls, to be replaced with a programme’s own evidence.
Li seranserê şeş stûnan, bi pêşengiya Nexus Consortium
- Ceribandin Labs
- Hatiye avakirin di Sovereign Capital Nexus in Foundry
- Tê ceribandin li Sovereign Capital Nexus in Universe
- Hatiye kodkirin di Darayî, sîgorta û aborî di Standards de
- Hatiye weşandin di Sovereign Capital Nexus in Reports
- Tê de tê dayîn Fakulteya Darayî û Aborî di Academy de
06Erêkirin
How results are checked.
Models are back-tested against historical market episodes and crises. Results are compared with supervisory data and alternative specifications.
| Kontrol bikin | How it is done |
|---|---|
| Back-testing on past episodes | Stress scenarios are rerun on historical commodity, rate and market shocks and compared with what happened to funds and budgets |
| Correlation stability | Correlations between fund returns and borrowing costs are estimated separately for calm and stress periods |
| Accounting boundary | Every consolidated view states which entities and instruments it includes and how assets are valued |
| Independent replication | A second analyst reproduces key results from the stated data and code |
Relationships estimated in calm periods may break down in stress. Hidden leverage and interconnections are often unobserved.
07Exposure, loss and capital
What financial economics for sovereign balance sheets means for exposure, loss and capital.
The exposure, loss, scenario and capital views a risk officer, supervisor or ministry of finance would ask for, with the frameworks they report against. Structures follow supervisory and actuarial practice. Values are illustrative: never prices, ratings or advice.
Capital, solvency and fiscal indicators
The indicators a risk officer, supervisor or ministry of finance reads first on financial economics for sovereign balance sheets.
| Indicator | Unit | Who reads it | Framework |
|---|---|---|---|
| Public debt | % of GDP | Ministries of finance, IMF | Debt Sustainability Framework |
| Gross financing needs | % of GDP per year | Ministries of finance, investors | Debt Sustainability Framework |
| Contingent liabilities | % of GDP, by source | Ministries of finance | Fiscal risk statements |
| Interest to revenue | % of revenue | Ministries of finance, rating users | Public finance statistics |
| Sovereign spread | basis points over a benchmark | Investors, debt managers | Market data |
| CET1 ratio | % of risk-weighted assets | Banks, supervisors | Basel framework |
| Liquidity coverage ratio | % of stressed outflows | Banks, central banks | Basel framework |
NGFS climate scenarios · Network for Greening the Financial SystemIFRS S2 Climate-related Disclosures · ISSBTCFD recommendations · Financial Stability Board TCFDPrinciples for the effective management of climate-related financial risks · Basel Committee on Banking Supervision
09Stewardship
Who maintains the method.
Aramiya darayî stewards financial economics and macro-finance for the Consortium and reviews how it is applied across platforms.
10Girêdayî
Ev rûpel li ser Konsorsiyûmê te ber bi kû ve dibe.
11Pirs
Pirs û bersiv.
What are the limits of financial economics and macro-finance in this field?
Relationships estimated in calm periods may break down in stress. Hidden leverage and interconnections are often unobserved.
How are results checked?
Models are back-tested against historical market episodes and crises. Results are compared with supervisory data and alternative specifications.
Are the values on this page real?
The data names, roles and checks are real descriptions of practice. The canvas shows a design of the method’s use, not a run; no result is reported here.
Where else is this method applied?
Çavdêrxaneya canonical method page lists every platform that applies it.
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Ji vê rûpelê delîl bidin.
rêzeya Pergalên Stratejîk is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.
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Sovereign Capital Nexus
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Agahî û pirs îro vekirî ne. Pirsek referansekê distîne û gava piştî wê dide nasîn; serlêdan, drav, veqetandina hesabkirinê û tomarkirin tenê dema ku tîm, mercên wê û kapasîteya vekolînê hebin vedibin.
Hiqûqî
Belgeyên hiqûqî.
Nexşe, dane û jimarên vê malperê ji bo çarçoveyê û agahiyên giştî têne nîşandan. Ew ne şîret, ne pêşbînî û ne hişyarî ne; sînorên agahiyê di Daxuyaniyên Berpirsiyariyê û Daxuyaniyên Daneyê de hatine diyarkirin.