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Keuangan spasialTempat modal bertemu bahaya, keterpaparan, dan transisi

Econometrics for public finance and sovereign debt

Econometrics estimates relationships from fiscal and macroeconomic data and tests whether they hold. On this platform it supports estimates of revenue volatility, fiscal reaction functions, efficiency gaps and the effects of shocks on public debt.

02Permohonan

What econometrics does here.

Econometrics applies statistical methods to economic data to estimate relationships, test theories and forecast. It provides empirical evidence on how shocks and policies affect economic outcomes. In sovereign and public finance, development finance and disaster and crisis, econometric evidence estimates how disasters, pandemics and financial shocks affect output, employment and prices. It informs the economic case for pengurangan risiko. The canonical description is on STEM Commons.

Fiscal reaction functions

Estimates of how governments adjust primary balances in response to debt levels inform judgements about fiscal space and credibility.

Revenue volatility

Commodity and tax revenue series are modelled to estimate volatility and its relationship with prices and output, informing buffer sizing.

Disaster effects on public finance

Panel data on past disasters estimate average effects on revenue, spending and debt, with heterogeneity across countries reported.

03Pantau

Model ekonometrik.

Layar yang akan digunakan sebuah tim untuk mengikuti metode ini: ukuran, status, dan keputusannya. Nama adalah contoh dan nilai bersifat ilustratif.

Model ekonometrik

Public finance and sovereign debt · Econometrics for public finance · Run R-5003

Estimasi stabilGRA · Public Finance and Sovereign Debt

Estimasi

galat standar yang tangguh

Utang publik0.030.19[−0.4, 0.2]Ya
Kebutuhan pembiayaan bruto0.290.12[−0.2, 0.4]Ya
Bunga terhadap pendapatan0.200.13[0.0, 0.5]Tidak
Share of FX debt0.330.05[0.1, 0.9]Ya

Kartu metode

Metode
Ekonometrika
Sampel
1642 obs
Desain
panel, efek tetap
Label
DIMODELKAN

Residu per kelompok

Econometric model: the screen’s structure, terms and states for Public finance and sovereign debt.Nama contoh dan nilai ilustratif; sebuah rancangan, bukan catatan atau sistem yang aktif.
04Data

Apa yang digunakan metode ini.

Datasets and records used by econometrics on this platform, with the role each plays and the label its values carry. Sources are listed in register sumber.

DataPeranLabel
Fiscal time seriesEstimationStatistik yang diterbitkan
Commodity price seriesRevenue driversTERAMATI
Disaster databasesEvent dataDILAPORKAN
05Model skenario

Jalur utang negara dan peluang melampaui ambang.

Distribusi jalur utang, dan porsi di atas ambang kekhawatiran pada cakrawala, yang dibaca investor negara dan analis peringkat dari grafik kipas. Model pengajaran dengan nilai ilustratif yang dinyatakan, bukan prediksi.

  • Median, pita 25% sampai 75% dan 10% sampai 90%
  • Tanpa guncangan

Kendali

Utang saat ini
70% PDB
Suku bunga nominal efektif
5.0%
Pertumbuhan PDB nominal
4.5%
Keseimbangan primer
−0,5% PDB
Volatilitas pertumbuhan
2.0 poin
Volatilitas suku bunga
1.0 poin
Tahun ke depan
10 tahun
Ambang kekhawatiran
90% PDB

Pembacaan

Utang median pada cakrawala
79% PDB
Jalur di atas ambang pada cakrawala
3%
Keseimbangan primer yang menstabilkan utang
0,3% PDB
Angka, metode, dan sumber
Tahun10%25%Median75%90%
070.070.070.070.070.0
168.869.770.972.073.1
268.670.171.573.174.6
368.970.772.574.376.1
469.271.373.375.577.5
569.471.874.576.779.2
669.972.775.377.780.8
770.673.176.279.081.9
871.274.077.180.283.3
971.974.877.881.284.4
1072.075.278.782.085.7

Metode

  1. Dinamika utang dan selisih bunga-pertumbuhan Blanchard (2019), Public debt and low interest rates, American Economic Review 109
  2. Grafik kipas stokastik Celasun, Debrun and Ostry (2006), IMF Staff Papers 53
  3. Kerangka risiko negara dan keberlanjutan utang IMF (2022), Staff Guidance Note on the SRDSF

Data

No observed data enters this model: it runs on the teaching values set by the controls, to be replaced with a programme’s own evidence.

Lintasan utang negara dan peluang melampaui suatu ambang batas. Model pengajaran ilustratif: model ini berjalan pada nilai yang ditetapkan oleh kontrol, bukan pada data terukur. Metode: dinamika utang dan selisih suku bunga-pertumbuhan (Blanchard (2019), Public debt and low interest rates, American Economic Review 109); bagan kipas stokastik (Celasun, Debrun dan Ostry (2006), IMF Staff Papers 53); kerangka risiko kedaulatan dan keberlanjutan utang (IMF (2022), Staff Guidance Note on the SRDSF).
06Validasi

Cara hasil diperiksa.

Models are assessed through specification tests, robustness checks and out-of-sample performance. Results are compared across datasets and methods.

PemeriksaanCara pelaksanaannya
KetangguhanResults are checked across specifications and samples
EndogeneityMethods to address reverse causality are stated
Out-of-sampleModels are tested on periods not used in estimation

Endogeneity, measurement error and structural change can bias estimates. Relationships may shift under extreme conditions.

07Eksposur, kerugian, dan modal

What it means for exposure, loss and capital.

Tampilan eksposur, kerugian, skenario, dan modal yang akan diminta oleh pejabat risiko, otoritas pengawas, atau kementerian keuangan, beserta kerangka pelaporan yang mereka gunakan. Strukturnya mengikuti praktik pengawasan dan aktuaria. Nilai bersifat ilustratif: tidak pernah merupakan harga, peringkat, atau saran.

Indikator modal, solvabilitas, dan fiskal

The indicators a risk officer, supervisor or ministry of finance reads first on econometrics for public finance and sovereign debt.

IndikatorUnitSiapa yang membacaKerangka
Utang publik% PDBKementerian keuangan, IMFKerangka Keberlanjutan Utang
Kebutuhan pembiayaan bruto% PDB per tahunKementerian keuangan, investorKerangka Keberlanjutan Utang
Kewajiban kontinjensi% PDB, menurut sumberKementerian keuanganPernyataan risiko fiskal
Bunga terhadap pendapatan% pendapatanKementerian keuangan, pengguna peringkatStatistik keuangan publik
Selisih imbal hasil negarabasis poin di atas acuanInvestor, pengelola utangData pasar
Rasio CET1% aset tertimbang menurut risikoBank, otoritas pengawasKerangka Basel
Rasio kecukupan likuiditas% arus keluar dalam tekananBank, bank sentralKerangka Basel
Source: the frameworks named in each row. Indicator names, units and frameworks only; values belong to each institution’s own reporting and are never shown here.
Skenario iklim NGFS · Network for Greening the Financial SystemIFRS S2 Pengungkapan terkait Iklim · ISSBRekomendasi TCFD · Financial Stability Board TCFDPrinsip-prinsip pengelolaan efektif risiko keuangan terkait iklim · Basel Committee on Banking Supervision
09Pengelolaan

Siapa yang memelihara metode ini.

Pembangunan Ekonomi stewards econometrics for the Consortium and reviews how it is applied across platforms.

10Terhubung

Ke mana halaman ini mengarah di seluruh Konsorsium.

11Pertanyaan

Tanya jawab.

What are the limits of econometrics in this field?
Endogeneity, measurement error and structural change can bias estimates. Relationships may shift under extreme conditions.
Bagaimana hasil diperiksa?
Models are assessed through specification tests, robustness checks and out-of-sample performance. Results are compared across datasets and methods.
Apakah nilai di halaman ini nyata?
The data names, roles and checks are real descriptions of practice. The canvas shows a design of the method’s use, not a run; no result is reported here.
Di mana lagi metode ini diterapkan?
Observatory Halaman metode kanonis mencantumkan setiap platform yang menerapkannya.
LaporanBerkontribusi

Kontribusikan bukti dari halaman ini.

Laporan is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

Global Risks AllianceKeuangan Publik dan Utang NegaraKesiapan Pembiayaan dan AsuransiRisiko dan Ketahanan Sistem Negara
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Ajukan pertanyaan eksposur atau modal kepada Aliansi.

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