Interbank and counterparty contagion
Bilateral exposures are arranged as a network and default cascades are simulated to see how losses spread from an initial failure and which institutions amplify them.
GRA · Banking Nexus
مالی فضاییجایی که سرمایه به مخاطره، مواجهه و گذار برمیخورد
Network science maps how banks are linked through interbank lending, derivatives, common asset holdings, payment flows and shared service providers. It shows where a single failure could cascade, which institutions are central to the system, and why contagion differs from the sum of individual bank risks.
Network science and contagion study how the structure of connections among entities shapes the spread of failures, information and disease. It provides tools to analyse interdependent infrastructure, supply chains and financial سامانهها. In financial stability, capital markets and investment and climate and hazards, network science identifies critical nodes and pathways through which shocks propagate across sectors. It informs targeted protection and diversification to limit cascades. The canonical description is on STEM Commons.
Bilateral exposures are arranged as a network and default cascades are simulated to see how losses spread from an initial failure and which institutions amplify them.
Common holdings of securities and loans are mapped so that forced sales by one bank can be traced through price falls to losses at other holders.
Banks, payment systems, cloud and software providers are represented as a multilayer network to find concentration points whose failure would affect many institutions together.
چگونه شکست یک مرکز مالی میتواند از راه پیوندهای تسویه گسترش یابد. پیوندهای طراحی، نه وابستگیهای واقعی.
Datasets and records used by network science and contagion on this platform, with the role each plays and the label its values carry. Sources are listed in the source register.
| داده | نقش | برچسب |
|---|---|---|
| Supervisory large exposure and counterparty data | Bilateral links between institutions | آمارهای منتشرشده |
| BIS international banking statistics | Cross-border exposures by country | آمارهای منتشرشده |
| Payment system transaction data | Payment flow networks | مشاهدهشده |
| Registers of third-party arrangements | Service dependency links | گزارششده |
The screen a team would use to follow this method: its measures, states and decisions. Names are examples and values are illustrative.
Banking · Network science for banking · Run R-5964
nodes: assets · edges: dependencies
| N3 | 0.25 | 4 | Critical |
| N4 | 0.16 | 12 | عادی |
| N5 | 0.17 | 11 | عادی |
| N6 | 0.18 | 8 | عادی |
Models are checked by reproducing observed cascades and outbreaks. Robustness of results to missing or uncertain links is tested.
| بررسی | How it is done |
|---|---|
| Missing link sensitivity | Results are tested under alternative reconstructions of unobserved exposures, and the range is reported |
| Historical replay | Models are checked against known stress episodes and failures |
| Behavioural assumptions | Assumptions about liquidity hoarding, fire sales and recovery rates are stated and varied |
Network data are often incomplete or confidential. Static network models may miss adaptive behaviour during cascades.
سهامی که سامانه پس از سرایت بینبانکی از دست میدهد، در برابر ضربهٔ اولیه، با تغییر اهرم، پیوستگی و نرخهای بازیابی، هستهٔ یک آزمون تنش. Teaching model with stated illustrative values, not a prediction. The map on this page shows Western Europe; the model itself is not tied to a place.
کنترلها
خوانشها
| دور | سهام سامانه از دسترفته (%) | بانکهای نکولکرده |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | 18.00 | 0 |
| 1 | 28.80 | 0 |
| 2 | 35.28 | 0 |
| 3 | 39.17 | 0 |
| 4 | 41.50 | 0 |
| 5 | 42.90 | 0 |
| 6 | 43.74 | 0 |
| 7 | 44.24 | 0 |
| 8 | 44.55 | 0 |
| 9 | 44.73 | 0 |
| 10 | 44.84 | 0 |
| 11 | 44.90 | 0 |
| 12 | 44.94 | 0 |
| 13 | 44.96 | 0 |
| 14 | 44.98 | 0 |
| 15 | 44.99 | 0 |
| 16 | 44.99 | 0 |
| 17 | 45.00 | 0 |
| 18 | 45.00 | 0 |
| 19 | 45.00 | 0 |
| 20 | 45.00 | 0 |
| 21 | 45.00 | 0 |
| 22 | 45.00 | 0 |
| 23 | 45.00 | 0 |
| 24 | 45.00 | 0 |
| 25 | 45.00 | 0 |
| 26 | 45.00 | 0 |
| 27 | 45.00 | 0 |
| 28 | 45.00 | 0 |
| 29 | 45.00 | 0 |
| 30 | 45.00 | 0 |
No observed data enters this model: it runs on the teaching values set by the controls, to be replaced with a programme’s own evidence.
در شش رکن، به رهبری Nexus Consortium
Assembled from the Nexus Standards area profile بانکداری: the shocks it names, the سامانهها and sectors that carry the loss, the controls that dampen it and the data that observe it. Pick an initiating shock and step through the cascade to see which exposures it reaches and where losses could concentrate. The Map view places the run on an example geography with open data. Every weight is a stated assumption. An exercise, not a forecast, a valuation, a rating or investment advice. To model a place of your own choosing, open the full System Builder.
مخاطرات
سامانهها و پیوندها
کنترلها
NS-0 اساسنامه و اصولNS-3 UNIهای سابقهٔ ریسک (دستور زبان، تطبیق میراثی، مرجع تخصیص)NS-9 UNIهای زمینهای (استقرارها، نمونهها، نمونههای برنامه)NS-10 سیاستها و بندها (تکالیف ماشینخوان: تعریف، الزام، ارزشیابی و اجرا)NS-11 راستیآزمایی و پایش (شواهد، گواهیها، مشاهدهٔ انطباق بدون اعتماد پیشفرض)NS-14 انطباق و تطبیق با استانداردهای بیرونیNRS-U2 جهان platform profile: Banking NexusNRS-F2 ریسک اقلیم، طبیعت و گذار در بانکداریNRS-H113 خانوادهٔ مخاطره: شکنندگی نظام مالی (NHS-1 soc.financial-system)NRS-K20 نمایهٔ بستهٔ حوزه: سازگاری اقلیمی (DOMAIN-020)NRS-U8 نمایهٔ سکوی Universe: Energy NexusNRS-D1 توسعهٔ آگاه از ریسک و غربالگری پروژهمشاهده
جغرافیای نمونه
علوم سامانهها و مدلسازی stewards network science and contagion for the Consortium and reviews how it is applied across platforms.
نماهای مواجهه، زیان، سناریو و سرمایه که یک مدیر ریسک، ناظر یا وزارت دارایی میپرسد، همراه با چارچوبهایی که بر پایهٔ آنها گزارش میدهد. ساختارها از رویهٔ نظارتی و اکچوئری پیروی میکنند. مقادیر توضیحی است: هرگز قیمت، رتبه یا توصیه نیست.
How a shock in network science for banking contagion reaches credit, market, underwriting, liquidity and operational risk, and feeds back.
گزارشها is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.
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