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GRA · Capital Markets Nexus

Keuangan spasialTempat modal bertemu bahaya, keterpaparan, dan transisi

Financial economics for capital markets

Financial economics explains how prices, risk premia and balance sheets turn shocks into market moves. In capital markets it is used to decompose yields and spreads, to model how leverage and margin amplify selling, and to trace how stress in one asset class reaches others, with each estimate’s assumptions and label stated.

01Daftar

Financial economics for capital markets on the record.

Catatan metodeMetode STEM
  1. MetodeEkonomi keuangan dan makro-keuangan
  2. Diterapkan diCapital Markets Nexus
  3. Halaman kanonisSTEM Commons
02Permohonan

What financial economics and macro-finance does here.

Financial economics and macro-finance study how asset prices, credit and financial institutions interact with the real economy. They explain how shocks are amplified or absorbed through balance sheets and markets. In capital markets and investment and financial stability, financial economics traces how physical, health or cyber shocks transmit to credit, sovereign debt and markets. It informs macroprudential policy and the pricing of risk. The canonical description is on STEM Commons.

Yield curve and spread decomposition

Government yields are split into expected short rates and term premia with affine term structure models, and credit spreads into expected loss and risk premia, so a repricing can be read by its source.

Leverage and fire-sale channels

Balance sheet models trace how a price fall raises margins and haircuts, forces sales by leveraged holders and pushes prices further, with the behavioural assumptions written down.

Market-based systemic risk measures

Measures such as conditional value at risk and marginal expected shortfall describe which institutions contribute most to system-wide stress, reported as estimates with their sample periods.

03Eksposur, kerugian, dan modal

What financial economics for capital markets means for exposure, loss and capital.

Tampilan eksposur, kerugian, skenario, dan modal yang akan diminta oleh pejabat risiko, otoritas pengawas, atau kementerian keuangan, beserta kerangka pelaporan yang mereka gunakan. Strukturnya mengikuti praktik pengawasan dan aktuaria. Nilai bersifat ilustratif: tidak pernah merupakan harga, peringkat, atau saran.

Indikator modal, solvabilitas, dan fiskal

The indicators a risk officer, supervisor or ministry of finance reads first on financial economics for capital markets.

IndikatorUnitSiapa yang membacaKerangka
Rasio CET1% aset tertimbang menurut risikoBank, otoritas pengawasKerangka Basel
Rasio kecukupan likuiditas% arus keluar dalam tekananBank, bank sentralKerangka Basel
Rasio solvabilitas% persyaratan modal solvabilitasPerusahaan asuransi, otoritas pengawasIAIS Insurance Core Principles
Rasio gabungan% premi yang diperolehPerusahaan asuransiPraktik aktuaria
Kesenjangan perlindunganporsi kerugian ekonomi yang tidak diasuransikanPerusahaan asuransi, kementerian keuanganStatistik kerugian yang diterbitkan
Utang publik% PDBKementerian keuangan, IMFKerangka Keberlanjutan Utang
Kebutuhan pembiayaan bruto% PDB per tahunKementerian keuangan, investorKerangka Keberlanjutan Utang
Source: the frameworks named in each row. Indicator names, units and frameworks only; values belong to each institution’s own reporting and are never shown here.
Skenario iklim NGFS · Network for Greening the Financial SystemIFRS S2 Pengungkapan terkait Iklim · ISSBRekomendasi TCFD · Financial Stability Board TCFDPrinsip-prinsip pengelolaan efektif risiko keuangan terkait iklim · Basel Committee on Banking Supervision
04Data

Apa yang digunakan metode ini.

Datasets and records used by financial economics and macro-finance on this platform, with the role each plays and the label its values carry. Sources are listed in register sumber.

DataPeranLabel
Government bond yields and swap ratesYield curve and term premium estimationTERAMATI
Corporate bond prices and spreadsCredit spread decompositionTERAMATI
Financial accounts by sectorSector balance sheets and leverageStatistik yang diterbitkan
Equity returns of financial institutionsMarket-based risiko sistemik measuresTERAMATI
05Proses

Bagaimana proses berjalan.

Process explorer · Process

Financial economics for capital markets: PRISMA 2020 review reporting

10 steps4 tahap

Proses

Financial economics for capital markets: PRISMA 2020 review reporting

PRISMA 2020 adalah pedoman pelaporan untuk tinjauan sistematis; langkah-langkahnya mengikuti daftar periksanya, bukan urutan yang diwajibkan, dan tidak ada dokumen Nexus yang mengadopsinya.

  1. 01 Plan

    1. 01Registrasi dan protokolCatatan · Tim peninjauPedoman meminta rincian registrasi, akses ke protokol, dan setiap amendemen.
    2. 02Kriteria kelayakanCatatan · Tim peninjauPedoman meminta kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi serta cara studi dikelompokkan.
  2. 02 Temukan dan pilih

    1. 03Penelusuran: sumber dan strategiLangkah · Tim peninjauPedoman meminta sumber informasi dan strategi penelusuran lengkap. Pedoman tidak menetapkan sumber mana yang digunakan.
    2. 04Seleksi studiLangkah · Tim peninjauPedoman menanyakan cara studi dinilai layak, termasuk berapa banyak peninjau yang menyaring. Pedoman tidak menetapkan jumlah peninjau.
    3. 05Diagram alirCatatanDiagram alir menunjukkan jumlah catatan yang ditemukan, jumlah studi yang disertakan, dan alasan pengecualian.
  3. 03 Analisis

    1. 06Pengumpulan dataLangkah · Tim peninjauPedoman menanyakan cara data dikumpulkan dari laporan dan butir data mana yang dicari.
    2. 07Risiko biasLangkah · Tim peninjauPedoman meminta metode dan alat yang digunakan untuk menilai risiko bias.
    3. 08SintesisModel · Tim peninjauPedoman meminta ukuran efek dan metode sintesis. Pedoman tidak mewajibkan meta-analisis.
    4. 09Tingkat kepastian buktiLangkah · Tim peninjauPedoman meminta metode yang digunakan untuk menilai kepastian, dan melaporkan hasilnya per luaran. Pedoman tidak menyebutkan skala penilaian.
  4. 04 Laporan

    1. 10Laporan tinjauanCatatanPedoman membantu penulis melaporkan mengapa tinjauan dilakukan, apa yang mereka lakukan, dan apa yang mereka temukan.

LaporanOutline of an externally published reporting guideline, not a Nexus process and not a record of operation. PRISMA 2020 mainly covers reviews of intervention effects. No Nexus page names it. Every programme is at service level R0.

06Validasi

Cara hasil diperiksa.

Models are back-tested against historical market episodes and crises. Results are compared with supervisory data and alternative specifications.

PemeriksaanCara pelaksanaannya
Out-of-sample stress testingModels are fitted on one period and tested on stress episodes not used in estimation
Specification comparisonTerm premium and spread decompositions are compared across model specifications and the range is reported
Reconciliation with supervisory dataMarket-based estimates are compared with published supervisory aggregates where they exist

Relationships estimated in calm periods may break down in stress. Hidden leverage and interconnections are often unobserved.

08Pengelolaan

Siapa yang memelihara metode ini.

Stabilitas Keuangan stewards financial economics and macro-finance for the Consortium and reviews how it is applied across platforms.

10Pertanyaan

Tanya jawab.

What are the limits of financial economics and macro-finance in this field?
Relationships estimated in calm periods may break down in stress. Hidden leverage and interconnections are often unobserved.
Bagaimana hasil diperiksa?
Models are back-tested against historical market episodes and crises. Results are compared with supervisory data and alternative specifications.
Apakah nilai di halaman ini nyata?
The data names, roles and checks are real descriptions of practice. The canvas shows a design of the method’s use, not a run; no result is reported here.
Di mana lagi metode ini diterapkan?
Observatory Halaman metode kanonis mencantumkan setiap platform yang menerapkannya.
LaporanBerkontribusi

Kontribusikan bukti dari halaman ini.

Reports is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

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Capital Markets Nexus

Ajukan pertanyaan eksposur atau modal kepada Aliansi.

Informasi dan pertanyaan sudah terbuka hari ini. Sebuah pertanyaan menerima nomor referensi dan menyebutkan langkah berikutnya; lamaran, pembayaran, alokasi komputasi, dan pendaftaran hanya dibuka ketika tim, ketentuan, dan kapasitas tinjauannya tersedia.