GRA · Development Finance Nexus
Spatial financeWhere capital meets hazard, exposure and transition
Development Finance Nexus: Ezezimali Zentuthuko
Development finance institutions, country-level resilience evidence and safeguarded project readiness. Development Finance Nexus is an established platform of The Global Risks Alliance.
- STEM methods
- 5
- Canonical methods this field applies
- Topics
- 10
- Subject pages in the field
- Counterparts
- 9
- Platforms in shared fields across the network
- Report series
- 2
- Reports series it contributes to
The areas of development finance this platform takes on.
Development Finance Nexus studies how development finance reaches projects and programmes and how risk moves through it: country priorities and debt capacity, project preparation and safeguards, infrastructure and project finance, climate adaptation, essential services, inclusion and small enterprise finance. Its pages set out the mechanisms, records, frameworks and decision holders for each part, from the financial-sector view of the Global Risks Alliance, with every indicator labelled by its evidence. It describes shared industry understanding and gives no investment advice.
Country programmes
National priorities, debt capacity, institutional readiness and how development partners align their country strategies to them.
Public investment and preparation
Identification, feasibility, appraisal, procurement and maintenance of public infrastructure, and the gates where project risk is decided.
Infrastructure project finance
Special purpose companies, partnerships, risk allocation by contract, currency mismatch and the contingent liabilities that return to the state.
Climate adaptation finance
Tracking, alignment and evaluation of finance that reduces vulnerability, and how physical climate risk enters credit and design.
Food, water and energy
Utilities, offtakers, irrigation and food ezinhlanu as correlated exposures in development portfolios.
Safeguards and accountability
Environmental and social standards, the mitigation hierarchy, monitoring, grievance and independent accountability mechanisms.
Inclusion and small enterprise
Who benefits, who bears the costs, and how finance reaches households and small firms through intermediaries.
Flows, gaps and evidence
Public and mobilised flows, financing gap estimates, the assumptions behind them and the handoff of evidence to decision holders.
Project pipeline and safeguards.
The screen a team would use to follow this field: its measures, states and decisions. Names are examples and values are illustrative.
Project pipeline and safeguards
Country programme D · Pipeline review 4
Pipeline
| Irrigation rehabilitation | Food and water | Medium | Sula | Appraisal |
| Port expansion | Ingqalasizinda | Aphezulu | Finding | Ukulungiselela |
| SME credit line | Ezezimali | Aphansi | Sula | Board |
| Mini-grid programme | Amandla | Aphansi | Sula | Ukuqalisa |
Handoff
- Ifayela lokulungela
- v2, reviewed
- Receiving institution
- development finance institution
- Isinqumo
- theirs, not GRA’s
- Record
- HO-435
Projects and hazard
red: high hazard exposure
The questions this field works on.
Country programme readiness
Evidence for national and regional development priorities.
TopicPublic investment and projects
Infrastructure preparation and risks.
TopicClimate adaptation finance
Development challenges and adaptation.
TopicFood, water and energy investment
Essential service resilience.
TopicSocial risk and inclusion
Equity and human development.
TopicFinancing gaps and evidence
Evidence before institutional decisions.
TopicSafeguards and impact
Environmental and social safeguards.
TopicHandoffs and authority
Receivers, independent diligence and limitations.
TopicInfrastructure project finance
Project preparation, financial risk and public infrastructure safeguards.
TopicFinancial inclusion and small enterprises
Development finance and small enterprise access.
Policy paths and what they do to the risk.
How three families of instruments change a risk outcome over time with adoption lags, coverage and compliance, the policy scenarios behind transition and physical risk assessments. Scenario: named assumptions about the future, not a forecast.
Controls
- Baseline trend of the outcome
- 2.0% a year
- Coverage of the instrument
- 70%
- Ukuthobela imithetho
- 75%
- Effect size, against the teaching value
- 100%
- Years ahead
- 20 years
Readouts
- Largest reduction at the horizon
- Regulation
- Its reduction against the baseline
- 21%
Numbers, methods and sources
| Year | Isisekelo | Regulation | Economic incentive | Information and capacity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 100.0 | 99.5 | 98.8 | 99.1 |
| 1 | 102.0 | 101.2 | 100.1 | 99.8 |
| 2 | 104.0 | 102.5 | 101.1 | 99.9 |
| 3 | 106.1 | 103.5 | 101.6 | 100.0 |
| 4 | 108.2 | 103.7 | 101.8 | 100.7 |
| 5 | 110.4 | 103.2 | 101.7 | 102.1 |
| 6 | 112.6 | 102.0 | 101.6 | 103.9 |
| 7 | 114.9 | 100.4 | 101.6 | 105.9 |
| 8 | 117.2 | 99.2 | 102.1 | 108.0 |
| 9 | 119.5 | 98.6 | 102.9 | 110.1 |
| 10 | 121.9 | 98.9 | 104.2 | 112.3 |
| 11 | 124.3 | 99.7 | 105.7 | 114.5 |
| 12 | 126.8 | 101.1 | 107.4 | 116.8 |
| 13 | 129.4 | 102.7 | 109.4 | 119.2 |
| 14 | 131.9 | 104.5 | 111.4 | 121.6 |
| 15 | 134.6 | 106.5 | 113.5 | 124.0 |
| 16 | 137.3 | 108.5 | 115.7 | 126.5 |
| 17 | 140.0 | 110.7 | 118.0 | 129.0 |
| 18 | 142.8 | 112.9 | 120.4 | 131.6 |
| 19 | 145.7 | 115.1 | 122.8 | 134.2 |
| 20 | 148.6 | 117.4 | 125.2 | 136.9 |
Izindlela
- Tools of government Hood (1983), The Tools of Government, Macmillan
- Carrots, sticks and sermons Bemelmans-Videc, Rist and Vedung (1998), Transaction
- Diffusion of innovations Rogers (2003), Diffusion of Innovations, Free Press
- Uncertainty fan (parameter Monte Carlo) Spiegelhalter, Pearson and Short (2011), Visualising uncertainty about the future, Science 333
- One-at-a-time sensitivity (tornado) Saltelli and others (2008), Global Sensitivity Analysis: The Primer, Wiley
Idatha
The model runs on the teaching values set by the controls. To calibrate it for a place, read it against these admitted layers and series, which this page’s map can draw:
- Borders Natural Earth
- Amadolobha Natural Earth
Across the six pillars, led by Nexus Consortium
- Experiments Ama-lab
- Built in Development Finance Nexus in Foundry
- Tested at Development Finance Nexus in Universe
- Codified in Finance, Insurance and the Economy in Standards
- Published in Development Finance Nexus in Reports
- Taught in Faculty of Finance and Economics in Academy
What Development Finance Nexus does.
Development finance risk is the risk that public and concessional finance for development fails to reach its purpose or creates new burdens, through weak preparation, unsustainable debt, safeguard failures or misallocated risk. Development Finance Nexus, the Global Risks Alliance’s platform for the field, follows that risk from country priorities to projects and evidence; it approves, certifies and advises on nothing.
Its community
DFIs; policy economists; infrastructure risk specialists; development researchers.
Its methods
Readiness dossier methods; ESG safeguards; country-risk evidence.
Its outputs
Development-finance-readiness guides; risk-evidence examples.
Trace a shock in Development Finance Nexus to the balance sheet.
Assembled from the Nexus Standards area profile Disaster and climate risk finance: the shocks it names, the ezinhlanu and sectors that carry the loss, the controls that dampen it and the data that observe it. Pick an initiating shock and step through the cascade to see which exposures it reaches and where losses could concentrate. The Map view places the run on an example geography with open data. Every weight is a stated assumption. An exercise, not a forecast, a valuation, a rating or investment advice. To model a place of your own choosing, open the full System Builder.
Izingozi
- Tropical cyclone
- Earthquake
- Ice-jam flood
- Storm surge (set off downstream)
- Intense rainfall (set off downstream)
- River flood (set off downstream)
- Flash flood (set off downstream)
- Dangerous surf (set off downstream)
- Widespread power outage (set off downstream)
- Mass displacement (set off downstream)
- Coastal flood (set off downstream)
- Aftershock sequence (set off downstream)
- Fault surface rupture (set off downstream)
- Soil liquefaction (set off downstream)
- Slope slide (set off downstream)
- Rockfall (set off downstream)
- Tsunami (set off downstream)
- Building collapse (set off downstream)
Systems and couplings
- Disaster and climate risk finance
- Izixwayiso zakuqala nesenzo sokubona kusengaphambili Mechanism
- Ukunciphisa ingozi yezinhlekelele Feedback
- Financial stability and prudential risk Ukuwohloka ngokulandelana
- Amazinga ezingozi zesimo sezulu namanzi Mechanism
Controls
NS-0Umthethosisekelo nezimisoNS-3Ama-UNI amarekhodi obungozi (uhlelo lolimi, ukuqhathanisa nezinhlelo ezindala, igunya lokwabela)NS-9Ama-UNI omongo (ukufakwa, izibonelo, izibonelo zohlelo)NS-10Policies and clauses (machine-readable obligations: definition, binding, evaluation and enforcement)NS-11Ukuqinisekisa nokuqapha (ubufakazi, izifakazelo, ukuqapha ukuhambisana ngaphandle kokwethembana)NS-14Ukuhambisana nokuqhathaniswa namazinga angaphandleNRS-F8Parametric and index-based risk transferNRS-F7Disaster risk finance and pre-arranged financeNRS-H113Hazard family: Financial-system fragility (NHS-1 soc.financial-system)NRS-H114Hazard family: Macroeconomic and fiscal shocks (NHS-1 soc.macro-fiscal)NRS-D1Risk-informed development and project screeningNRS-H28Hazard family: Climate-state shifts (NHS-1 eco.climate-state)
Observation
- ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Data Store) (listed for reference)
- CHIRPS quasi-global gridded precipitation (listed for reference)
- USGS earthquake GeoJSON summary feeds (listed for reference)
- Total public international support for national disaster risk reduction actions (Sendai indicator F-1)
- Direct economic loss attributed to disasters in relation to global GDP
Example geography
- Western Europe: 152 hexagonal cells
- Rain rate, last half hour (IMERG), NASA GIBS
- Night lights tonight, outages (VIIRS Day/Night Band), NASA GIBS
- Surface water through cloud, 30 m (OPERA DSWx-S1 radar), NASA GIBS
- Surface soil moisture (SMAP), NASA GIBS
Development investment is exposed to the risks it is meant to reduce.
Roads, power plants, water ezinhlanu, irrigation schemes and social programmes are financed to last for decades. Over those decades they will face floods, droughts, heat, conflict, price shocks and technological change. Too often, that exposure is assessed late, partially or not at all.
Development finance flows from multilateral and bilateral development banks, development finance institutions, public budgets, private investors and philanthropy. Much of it goes to countries and sectors where data are thin, institutions are stretched and hazards are severe. When a project is designed without good evidence on climate, hazard and social risk, it can fail early, cost more to maintain or shift risk to the people it was meant to serve. A bridge built below a realistic flood level, a water scheme that depletes an aquifer or a resettlement plan that ignores livelihoods are familiar examples.
The consequences cascade. Damaged infrastructure interrupts services and trade; repair costs fall on public budgets that may already be under strain; contingent liabilities from public-private partnerships crystallise in a crisis; and the loss of confidence can raise the cost of finance for the whole country. Disaster losses and debt distress reinforce one another, and the poorest households carry the largest relative burden.
The obstacle is often not money alone but evidence and preparation. Lenders and investors need decision-useful information on risk, resilience and safeguards before they can act under their own rules, and countries need the capacity to produce it. Building a shared understanding of what good evidence looks like, across institutions that compete and cooperate, is the work of this platform.
Ubungozi obuxhumene, impendulo esetshenziswayo.
The sectors that carry exposure in urban flood yasogwini nokuthi ukulahlekelwa komunye kudlulela kanjani kwabanye, kuwo wonke amaphothifoliyo nezezimali zomphakathi.
Khetha umongo
Imikhakha · Isikhukhula sasemadolobheniIngcindezi
Izinsika · Isikhukhula sasemadolobheniKPI
Kulo mongoUkuncika noma ukudlulisela, kuqine ukuthi kunzima kakhuluNgaphandle kwalo mongo
Unyaka wohleloZonke izigaba
Umongo
Isikhukhula sasemadolobheni
Imigwaqo evaliwe yizikhukhula ikhipha okuhlelwe kukagesi, iziteshi zokupompa nokufinyelela emitholampilo ndawonye; amanzi okuphuza ayehluleka lapho kuphela amandla.
W · E · I · F · H · B
Ubungozi
- Imikhakha
- 4 kwabayisi-6
- Ubudlelwano
- 6 kwezi-15
- Ukuhlanganiswa
- 0.46 isabelo sesiyonke
Beka isikhombi encwadini, emgqeni noma emgqeni wetafula ukuze ukulandele eceleni kwombili.
Indlela
Kusetshenziswe esikhukhuleni sasemadolobheni
L · F · U · S · R · A
Impendulo
- Izinsika
- 5 kwabayisi-6
- Ukudlulisela
- 11 kwezi-18
- Amaluphu
- 8 kuvaliwe
Inani elilindelekile
- Okusengozini
- $390Bngonyaka okungenani, ezindlekweni zokuphazamiseka kwengqalasizinda emindenini nasezinkampanini emazweni anezinga eliphansi nelaphakathi lemali engenayoWorld Bank, Lifelines, 2019
- Inzuzo ekuqineni
- 4 : 1inzuzo uma iqhathaniswa nezindlekoWorld Bank, Lifelines, 2019
- Ukulahlekelwa okugwenyiwe
- 30%less damage with 24 hours’ warning of a storm or yamagagasi okushisaGlobal Commission on Adaptation, Adapt Now, 2019
Beka isikhombi phezu kwensika, umugqa noma umhlahlandlela ukuze ufunde ukuthi isetshenziswa kanjani.
A: i-cascade yokufundisa (ukushaqeka 0.6, inzuzo 0.35, imijikelezo emine) phezu kwamanani okufundisa edolobheni-sifunda elijwayelekile, hhayi izilinganiso. B: izicelo zokufanekisa ne-KPI ensika ngayinye ekuphendulayo; amanani yizinkomba ezishicilelwe, ezicashunwe, hhayi izibikezelo. Izehlakalo ezivulekile: NASA EONET, bukhoma.
Shared understanding, without transactions.
The platform helps the industry agree on what decision-useful resilience evidence looks like, and how it should travel from country programmes to the institutions that make their own decisions.
Amafayela okulungela
Methods for assembling the evidence, risks and governance a programme needs before a competent institution can review it independently. See readiness.
Environmental and social
Shared understanding of safeguard practice: risk screening, consultation, grievance and monitoring, drawing on established standards.
Country-risk evidence
How hazard, climate, fiscal and institutional evidence combine into a country-level picture of resilience.
GRA is a nonprofit business league for the financial services industry. It does not lend, underwrite, rate, invest, advise on or arrange transactions, introduce counterparties or take transaction-based pay, and readiness work is not approval. GRA recommends no project, country, instrument or counterparty.
What Development Finance Nexus means for exposure, loss and capital.
The exposure, loss, scenario and capital views a risk officer, supervisor or ministry of finance would ask for, with the frameworks they report against. Structures follow supervisory and actuarial practice. Values are illustrative: never prices, ratings or advice.
Transmission channels
How a shock in Development Finance Nexus reaches credit, market, underwriting, liquidity and operational risk, and feeds back.
Capital, solvency and fiscal indicators
The indicators a risk officer, supervisor or ministry of finance reads first on Development Finance Nexus.
| Indicator | Unit | Who reads it | Framework |
|---|---|---|---|
| Public debt | % of GDP | Ministries of finance, IMF | Debt Sustainability Framework |
| Gross financing needs | % of GDP per year | Ministries of finance, investors | Debt Sustainability Framework |
| Contingent liabilities | % of GDP, by source | Ministries of finance | Fiscal risk statements |
| Interest to revenue | % of revenue | Ministries of finance, rating users | Public finance statistics |
| Sovereign spread | basis points over a benchmark | Investors, debt managers | Market data |
| CET1 ratio | % of risk-weighted assets | Banks, supervisors | Basel framework |
| Liquidity coverage ratio | % of stressed outflows | Banks, central banks | Basel framework |
Science and governance counterparts at the other institutions.
The platform applies economics and development economics, causal inference and impact evaluation, geospatial information ezinhlanu, decision analysis under uncertainty and agricultural, soil and food science, listed on the platform STEM foundation. It draws on the Foundry systems NXS-DSS (decision cases and deliberation), The Global Risks Index (I-NXS-GRX) and NXS-RLS (participants, agreements and handoffs), and contributes to the Finance and Insurance Readiness and Portfolio and Readiness series of Imibiko.
The underlying science is done at The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI), with Intuthuko Yezomnotho, Water Nexus, Energy Nexus, Ingqalasizinda Ebalulekile, Cities and Built Environment and Cybersecurity and Digital Resilience; bounded technical assistance is organised through Agency. At the Global Risks Forum (GRF), Nexus Yamakhapithali and Disaster and Crisis Governance convene the institutions that govern capital and crisis arrangements. See counterparts across the Consortium.
A readiness dossier for a resilience programme is the platform’s theme in the Universe programme, exercised as a learning case without any real transaction.
Where projects sit, and which layer protects them.
Where development projects meet hazard and poverty, and which financing layer protects them. Hypothetical projects and design values.
Built on named science, technology, engineering and mathematics.
Every claim on Development Finance Nexus rests on methods with a canonical page in the STEM Commons, so readers can see what a finding depends on and where its limits lie.
How work moves in this field.
A question becomes evidence, a governed build, an organised community, a controlled test, a reviewed publication and, finally, a decision taken by the competent authority under its own rules.
- Umbuzo I-Universe National, regional or institutional priority. Question in Development Finance Nexus
- Ubufakazi I-Foundry STEM foundation of the platform. Evidence in Development Finance Nexus
- Yakha I-Foundry Foundry. Build in Development Finance Nexus
- Organise I-Universe Nexus ecosystem. Organise in Development Finance Nexus
- Hlola I-Universe Universe (independent site). Test in Development Finance Nexus
- Shicilela Imibiko Reports. Publish in Development Finance Nexus
- Nquma Competent authority Competent authorities and institutions, through NXS-RLS. Decide in Development Finance Nexus
- Vuselela I-Universe Corrections and the next annual agenda. Renew in Development Finance Nexus
Each step of the cycle in the pillar it runs in; the decision stays with the competent authority, outside the programme.
- Ama-lab
- I-Foundry
- I-Universe
- Nexus Standards
- Imibiko
- Risk Academy
- Competent authority (outside the programme)
How this works across the six pillars.
Development Finance Nexus works through six pillars of one annual programme, led by the Nexus Consortium, with GCRI, GRF and GRA each contributing in its role: explore, experiment and prototype in Ama-lab, build, simulate and prepare in Foundry, convene and test in Universe, codify, correct and apply in Nexus Standards, publish in every format in Reports, teach in the open in Risk Academy.
handoff in playrecorded handoffno direct handoff
Unyaka wohleloZonke izigaba
Indlela
The whole programme
Every pillar hands its work to another; together they close the year’s feedback loops.
L · F · U · S · R · A
- Izinsika
- 6 kwabayisi-6
- Ukudlulisela
- 18 kwezi-18
- Amaluphu
- 17 kuvaliwe
Handoffs in play
- F01Universe → Foundry · Admitted mission becomes a cycle project with a decision caseReadiness preparation
- F02Foundry → Universe · Core Build Report and go or no-go evidenceControlled build
- F03Foundry → Reports · Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profileCloseout
- F04Universe → Reports · After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13Ukubuyekeza ngemuva kwesenzo
and 14 more
- Ama-labWhere questions become experiments and prototypes: new methods, data and tools are tried in the open, with their limits on record, before the Foundry builds them, under the Nexus Consortium.Ama-lab
- I-FoundryWhere exposure and scenario evidence is built so supervisors, insurers and investors can read it.Development Finance Nexus in FoundryI-Foundry
- I-UniverseWhere scenarios are tested in controlled exercises, and finance-readiness dialogues read what they mean for capital and cover.Development Finance Nexus in Universeuniverse.nexus
- Nexus StandardsWhere disclosure and data rules are codified so risk evidence is comparable for finance and insurance.Finance, Insurance and the Economy in Standardsnexustandards.com
- ImibikoWhere sector analysis and the finance and insurance readiness series are published, with exposure and limits stated.Development Finance Nexus in ReportsImibiko
- Risk AcademyWhere finance, insurance and public-finance professionals learn to read risk evidence, on Risk Academy.Faculty of Finance and Economics in Academyrisksacademy.com
What the work is read against.
The platform does not set standards. It reads its evidence against the frameworks that competent bodies have adopted, so a finding can be placed where a decision-maker already works.
| Framework or standard | Body | What it sets |
|---|---|---|
| Environmental and Social Framework | World Bank | Ten environmental and social standards for investment project financing, with risk classification, commitment plans, consultation and disclosure |
| Performance Standards on Environmental and Social Sustainability | International Finance Corporation | Eight standards for private sector clients covering risk management, labour, pollution, community health, land, biodiversity, indigenous peoples and cultural heritage |
| Equator Principles | Equator Principles Association | Risk management framework adopted by financial institutions to determine, assess and manage environmental and social risk in project finance |
| OECD DAC Blended Finance Principles | OECD Development Assistance Committee | Principles for using development finance to mobilise commercial finance, with attention to development rationale, context, partnership, impact and transparency |
| G20 Principles for Quality Infrastructure Investment | G20 | Principles on positive impact, life-cycle economic efficiency, environmental and social considerations, resilience to disasters, and governance |
| Joint MDB approach to Paris alignment | Multilateral development banks | Building blocks for aligning new operations and financial flows with the mitigation and adaptation goals of the Paris Agreement |
| Debt Sustainability Framework for Low-Income Countries | IMF and World Bank | Debt-carrying capacity, risk of debt distress ratings, thresholds and stress tests that guide borrowing and concessional lending |
| Addis Ababa Action Agenda | United Nations, Third International Conference on Financing for Development | Framework for financing sustainable development across domestic, international, public and private resources, debt and systemic issues |
| Open Contracting Data Standard | Open Contracting Partnership | Common data model for disclosing public contracting from planning and tender to award, contract and implementation |
| Joint methodologies for tracking climate finance | Multilateral development banks and the International Development Finance Club | Common principles for mitigation finance and a component-based method for counting adaptation finance |
The same field, seen three ways.
GCRI studies a field as science, GRF governs it and GRA builds shared financial understanding of it. Development Finance Nexus links to its counterparts so that work on one side is visible on the others.
- Water NexusIsikhungoGCRIShared fieldIngqalasizinda ebalulekile
- Energy NexusIsikhungoGCRIShared fieldIngqalasizinda ebalulekile
- AgencyIsikhungoGCRIShared fieldUkuxhaswa kwentuthuko
- Ingqalasizinda EbalulekileIsikhungoGCRIShared fieldIngqalasizinda ebalulekile
- Amadolobha Nendawo EyakhiweIsikhungoGCRIShared fieldIngqalasizinda ebalulekile
- Ukuvikeleka Kwe-inthanethi Nokuqina KwedijithaliIsikhungoGCRIShared fieldIngqalasizinda ebalulekile
- Intuthuko YezomnothoIsikhungoGCRIShared fieldEconomic development, Development finance
- Nexus YamakhapithaliIsikhungoGRFShared fieldUkuxhaswa kwentuthuko
Pages in Development Finance Nexus.
Industry scope and publisher
PageFinancial discipline overview
PageProfessional research
PageTechnology and emerging practices
PageResilience and finance readiness
PageResearch and industry programmes
PageAnalytical and data resources
PageProfessional community
PageUkufunda kochwepheshe
PageProfessional meetings
PageReports and sector briefs
PageMembership and research participation
PageContact the industry platform
PageAntitrust, independence and financial perimeter
PageSTEM foundation of Development Finance Nexus
PageChapters
PageHow work moves in this field
PageBuild in Foundry
PageTest in Universe
PagePublish in Reports
PageThe same field across the Consortium
PageTopics
Where this page leads across the Consortium.
Questions and answers.
Who publishes Development Finance Nexus?
Is Development Finance Nexus active?
How can I contribute?
Where are findings published?
Which values on this platform are real?
How do I report an error?
Can the platform help a project obtain finance?
Who takes part in Development Finance Nexus?
Nikela ngobufakazi kusuka kuleli khasi.
Reports is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.
- I-imeyiliGateway GW-GRAYithumele kuleli khasiUbufakazi, ukulungiswa, icala, indlela, ukubuyekeza, ukuhumusha noma okufakwayo kwephrofayili. Ifika ifakwe uphawu lwaleli khasi, ukuze umhleli walo ayithole.
- ZenodoUkufakwa okuvulekileYifake bese uyethula emphakathiniShicilela irekhodi lakho ku-Zenodo nge-ORCID iD yakho, bese uyethula emphakathini we-Reports lapho. Abagcini bayalibuyekeza; i-DOI ihlala ingeyakho.
- ImibikoGlobal Risks AllianceBona zonke izindlela zokunikelaIzinhlobo zokunikela, ukuthi ngayinye ibuyekezwa kanjani, isikweletu oluthola sona, ilayisense nalokho okungemukelwa nhlobo.
Ungalokothi uthumele idatha yomuntu siqu, imininingwane ebucayi yengqalasizinda noma noma yini ongenalo ilungelo lokuyabelana ngayo. Umnikelo ubuyekezwa ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa; ukuwuthumela akunikezi ubuqambi noma amalungelo okuhlela, futhi ukusekela akuthengi muphumela.
How Development Finance Nexus works.
Choose a view and press Play to follow the platform’s process, its programme year, the standards it applies and how its findings are published. The outline shows how the work is designed to run, not the status of any decision.
Development Finance Nexus: Ezezimali Zentuthuko
How Development Finance Nexus works
Izinkundla · Unyaka wohlelo · Amazinga · Imibiko
A platform joins a field to named methods, labelled evidence and the outputs it publishes, without becoming the authority it serves.
01 Scope
- 01Field and familiesStart · The platform leadThe home states the field, its families and who it serves.
- 02Topic dossiersRecord · Platform authorsTopics explain the subject with labelled evidence.
02 Evidence
- 03Amalebula obufakaziIrekhodi · GCRIEach value is labelled: observed, published statistics, estimated, modelled, scenario or unknown.
- 04IzindlelaStep · Method ownersMethods come from the STEM Commons, each with one canonical page.
03 Work
- 05Scenarios on the ezinhlanuModel · Foundry pillarScenarios run on the Nexus systems, labelled as scenario.
- 06Standards that applyRecord · Nexus StandardsThe platform names the standards that apply. A validator report is evidence for review.
04 Publish
- 07IzishicileloRecord · ReportsFindings are published through Reports with their limits.
- 08Igunya liyanqumaUmphumela · Igunya elinekhonoIzinqumo nokuqhutshwa kuhlala kuhulumeni, kumqhubi noma esikhungweni esinelayisense.
Development Finance Nexus home · Platforms · Shared methodsIsifinyezo sokuthi umsebenzi uklanyelwe ukusebenza kanjani; asibikeli isimo sanoma yisiphi isinqumo noma irekhodi.
Take part in Development Finance Nexus.
Start from who you are. Answer an open call. Or form and lead a competence cell on the Development Finance Nexus platform.
National institutions
Ministries, statistics offices and agencies: a national desk and chapter, and a seat in the working groups. Izahluko zikazwelonke
Sectors and professions
Operators, regulators, banks, insurers and professional bodies whose work touches Development Finance Nexus. Bamba iqhaza
Ukufunda
Courses and practice, with a record of every course completed. Free to study. Ukufunda okuvulekile
Amazinga
Draft, review and adopt the methods and data standards with the working groups. Amaqembu okusebenza
Communities and research
Universities, civil society and individual experts: projects, data and review. Write to the team
| Open call | Seeks | Closes |
|---|---|---|
| Founding call for experts to the working groups CALL-FOUNDING-EXPERTS | expert, editor, chair | 2026-12-15 |
| Open nomination for the three independent expert seats of the Global Standards Council CALL-GSC-IND | council-member | 2026-12-01 |
| Nominations of interim regional members (applies only if the transitional provision is decided) CALL-GSC-REG | council-member | 2026-12-15 |
| Review of the wave-1 risk core outlines (C1, C2, C3, C4, C8, C10, C11) CALL-REVIEW-WAVE1 | contributor | 2027-01-31 |
| Experts for the core standards of risk science: uncertainty and evidence grading, scales, structured expert judgement, tolerability, extremes and compound events, catastrophic and existential risk, ethics and equity, units and measurement (NRS-C17 to NRS-C24) CALL-CORE-SCIENCE | expert, editor, chair | 2027-01-31 |
| Independent reviewers for the families of the hazard atlas, three from at least two regions for each family (NHS2-R19), priority families first CALL-ATLAS-REVIEW | expert | 2027-03-31 |
| Members of the interim Frontier Safety Review Panel and red-team reviewers (biosafety and biosecurity, AI safety and security, critical-infrastructure security); applications treated in confidence CALL-FRONTIER-SAFETY-REVIEW | expert | 2026-11-30 |
| Experts in ontology, metrology, software verification and conformity assessment for the requirement register, the NHS-2 machine representation, the conformance test suites and the conformity assessment scheme CALL-CONFORMANCE-ONTOLOGY | expert, editor | 2027-01-31 |
Calls past their closing date are hidden automatically. Every call, proposal and route: open areas and calls.
Gather the cell
Bring together three to seven people with complementary skills: data, field practice, policy and communication.
Register it
Write to the team with the cell’s name, members, area and region. You receive a reference and a contact. Write to the team
Choose a charter
Pick one focus: research and evidence, data and maps, standards review, or community preparedness.
Funda ndawonye
Follow shared study paths at Risk Academy, with practice and a record of every course completed. Izinsongo nokuqina
Lead and report
Hold regular sessions. Publish what the cell learns through Reports. Bring findings to the working groups. Amaqembu okusebenza
What a national team or a local community can do on The Global Risks Index (NXS-GRX) today.
Your country’s profile
Open risk profiles for 195 countries, with sources and licences on every value. Vula i-Index
Correct or reply
Correct a value or reply for your country. The change is logged with its effect. Vula i-Index
Offer data
Offer a dataset. It enters through the licence gate, with your credit. Vula i-Index
Wonke amanani kuleli khasi akhonjiwe: izingozi, isimo sezulu, izingxabano, umhlaba.
The Index is the Consortium’s indexing system for risk data. Every indicator, hazard, series and country profile carries its Nexus Standards , umthombo nelayisense, ukuze lokho leli khasi elikubonisayo kulandelelwe, kulungiswe futhi kusetshenziswe kabusha.
- 01 · ImithomboImithombo ebhalisiwe engu-205Inani ngalinye ligcina umthombo nelayisense lalo; amanani abambiwe ayabalwa.Idatha namalayisense
- 02 · Nexus StandardsNIS-1 ne-NHS-1izinkomba ezingu-451, izingozi ezingu-905; irekhodi ngalinye liphethe i- UNI.Nexus Standards
- 03 · Inkombauchungechunge olungu-54, amaphrofayela amazwe angu-195Kubalwa ngokwamazinga; alikho inani elishicilelwayo kuze kukhishwe uhlelo.I-Global Risks Index
- 04 · Leli khasiDevelopment Finance Nexus: Ezezimali ZentuthukoAmamephu, izibalo nezinkondlo zifunda i-Index kumongo wezingozi, isimo sezulu, impi.I-API yomphakathi
Uchungechunge kulo mongo izingozi, isimo sezulu, ingxabano
- GLBIzinhlelo ZomhlabaIsimo sobungozi bomhlabaobuncikene: izinkomba zemikhakha engamashumi amabili ezihlanganiswe zaba umhlaba, ezinhlelo ezinhlanu eziyisisekelo (amanzi, amandla, ukudla, impilo, ukwehlukahlukana kwezinto eziphilayo) nokuxhumana kwazo, irejista yomsila womhlaba nesikhala…NXS-GRX-AR-000002Izingozi · Isimo sezulu · Ingxabano
- THDisaster Risk Intelligence (DRI)Izimpawu, okubonwayo, imifudlana yezehlakalo, amaleya omhlaba namaphakheji ezimo aguqulwa abe ubuhlakani bobungozi obuhlelekile bokulungela nokuhlela.NXS-GRX-AR-000111Izingozi · Isimo sezulu · Ingxabano
- GSAmadolobha OmhlabaUkuchayeka kwasemadolobheni, ukushisa, izikhukhula, izindawo zokuhlala ezingahlelekile, ukuncika ezinsizakalweni nesisindo sezomnotho samadolobha asengozini.NXS-GRX-AR-000068Izingozi · Ingqalasizinda · Isimo sezulu
- GSIsimo Sezulu SomhlabaIngozi yesimo sezulu engapheli neyesikhashana, ukuchayeka kwezinguquko, izikhala zokuzivumelanisa nezindlela zezimo ezicatshangwayo kuya ku-2030, 2050 no-2100.NXS-GRX-AR-000065Isimo sezulu · Izingozi · Ezezimali
Izimpawu zamazwe umhlaba
Iphrofayili yezwe ngayinye ineminye umthombo nelayisense lenani ngalinye. Lungisa inani noma uphendule
Izizinda zezingozi NHS-1
- Umkhathi nesimo sezuluNXS-GRX-AR-000135
- Umhlaba OqinileNXS-GRX-AR-000138
- Izehlakalo zesistimu nezihlangeneNXS-GRX-AR-000148
Idatha yendawo ne-API vulekile
Izingqimba ezivulekile kugridi yamaheksagoni anendawo elinganayo, eziboniswa njengokuminyana nge-km² ngayinye noma njengezimpawu: Abantu · GHSL 2025Abantu · WorldPop 2025Indawo eyakhiweAmachwebaIzikhumulo zezindizaImigwaqoOjantshiImifula nemigqa emaphakathi yamachibi
- Imephu ye-Risk Observatoryvulekile
/api/v1/public/grix · https://nexustandards.com/uni/{uni}
Abathuthukisi · Idatha · Kwenziwe nge-Natural Earth, Indawo yomphakathi; i-GHSL ne-WorldPop, CC BY 4.0
Isithombe samarejista e-Index abekwe ngomhla ka-2026-10-23 · 22c6eed. Ulwazi locwaningo nolokuhlaziya ingozi: hhayi ukulinganisa, ukuhlukanisa okusemthethweni, isixwayiso, izinga lokuqhathanisa noma iseluleko.
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