GRA · Disaster Risk Finance
Spatial financeWhere capital meets hazard, exposure and transition
Disaster Risk Finance
Public and private preparedness for the fiscal and financial consequences of disaster events. Disaster Risk Finance is an established platform of The Global Risks Alliance.
- STEM methods
- 4
- Canonical methods this field applies
- Topics
- 8
- Subject pages in the field
- Counterparts
- 6
- Platforms in shared fields across the network
- Report series
- 2
- Reports series it contributes to
The order things happen in.
- 01QuestionNational, regional or institutional priority
- 02EvidenceSTEM foundation of the platform
- 03BuildFoundry
- 04OrganiseNexus ecosystem
- 05TestUniverse (independent site)
- 06PublishReports
- 07DecideCompetent authorities and institutions, through NXS-RLS (participants, agreements and handoffs)
- 08RenewCorrections and the next annual agenda
How work moves in this field.
A question becomes evidence, a governed build, an organised community, a controlled test, a reviewed publication and, finally, a decision taken by the competent authority under its own rules.
- Question Universe National, regional or institutional priority. Question in Disaster Risk Finance
- Evidence Foundry STEM foundation of the platform. Evidence in Disaster Risk Finance
- Build Foundry Foundry. Build in Disaster Risk Finance
- Organise Universe Nexus ecosystem. Organise in Disaster Risk Finance
- Test Universe Universe (independent site). Test in Disaster Risk Finance
- Publish Reports Reports. Publish in Disaster Risk Finance
- Decide Competent authority Competent authorities and institutions, through NXS-RLS. Decide in Disaster Risk Finance
- Renew Universe Corrections and the next annual agenda. Renew in Disaster Risk Finance
Each step of the cycle in the pillar it runs in; the decision stays with the competent authority, outside the programme.
- Labs
- Foundry
- Universe
- Nexus Standards
- Reports
- Risk Academy
- Competent authority (outside the programme)
Parametric trigger monitor.
The screen a team would use to follow this field: its measures, states and decisions. Names are examples and values are illustrative.
Parametric trigger monitor
Sovereign C · Season 1 · Index: rainfall deficit
Index vs trigger
Payment structure
| Attachment | 64 | 0 | Close |
| Mid | 77 | 51 | Not met |
| Exhaustion | 92 | 100 | Not met |
Risk layers
local m, pre-arranged
Payment to people
- Triggeragent confirms
- Payment19 days
- Treasurytransfer
- Social protectionscale-up
- Householdscash
The questions this field works on.
Risk financing layers
Retention, contingency and external risk transfer.
TopicSovereign contingent liabilities
Disaster costs and budget exposures.
TopicInsurance and public pools
Pools and insurance readiness.
TopicAnticipatory finance
Triggers and preparedness evidence.
TopicPost disaster financing
Liquidity timing and recovery resources.
TopicPublic investment and resilience
Risk-sensitive budget and capital projects.
TopicFinancing evidence and diligence
Independent reviewer information needs.
TopicDisaster finance governance
Authority, consent and approval limits.
Loss exceedance, average annual loss and probable maximum loss.
The loss a portfolio in the footprint can expect per year and at the 1 in 100 and 1 in 250 levels that insurers and lenders price, from the same three blocks every catastrophe model uses. Teaching model with stated illustrative values, not a prediction.
Controls
- Typical annual hazard intensity (location)
- 1.00 intensity index
- Spread of extremes (scale)
- 0.80 intensity index
- Intensity at which half the value is lost
- 4.00 intensity index
- Dispersion of vulnerability
- 0.55
- Share of value in the hazard footprint
- 40%
- Protection standard (return period)
- 50 years
Readouts
- Average annual loss
- 0.51% of value
- Loss at 1 in 100 years
- 24.5% of value
- Loss at 1 in 250 years
- 28.4% of value
- Intensity at 1 in 100 years
- 4.68 intensity index
Numbers, methods and sources
| Return period (years) | Intensity (intensity index) | Loss (% of value) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0.09 | 0.00 |
| 2 | 1.27 | 0.00 |
| 4 | 1.91 | 0.00 |
| 7 | 2.47 | 0.00 |
| 13 | 3.00 | 0.00 |
| 24 | 3.51 | 0.00 |
| 44 | 4.02 | 0.00 |
| 82 | 4.53 | 23.55 |
| 154 | 5.03 | 26.44 |
| 287 | 5.53 | 28.87 |
| 536 | 6.03 | 30.88 |
| 1,000 | 6.53 | 32.53 |
Methods
- Gumbel extreme-value hazard Gumbel (1958), Statistics of Extremes, Columbia University Press
- Lognormal fragility (vulnerability) FEMA (2003), HAZUS-MH Technical Manual
- Exceedance-probability curve and average annual loss Grossi and Kunreuther (2005), Catastrophe Modeling, Springer
- Levee effect Di Baldassarre and others (2013), Socio-hydrology, HESS 17
- Uncertainty fan (parameter Monte Carlo) Spiegelhalter, Pearson and Short (2011), Visualising uncertainty about the future, Science 333
- One-at-a-time sensitivity (tornado) Saltelli and others (2008), Global Sensitivity Analysis: The Primer, Wiley
Data
The model runs on the teaching values set by the controls. To calibrate it for a place, read it against these admitted layers and series, which this page’s map can draw:
- Rivers Natural Earth
- Urban extents Natural Earth
- Cities Natural Earth
- Earthquakes M4.5+, past week (USGS) U.S. Geological Survey · register usgs.earthquake.summary-feeds
- Rain rate, last half hour (IMERG) NASA GPM IMERG Early · register nasa.gibs.context-live-layers
- River discharge forecast, 30 days with range (GloFAS via Open-Meteo) Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0), Copernicus GloFAS · register open-meteo.public-pages
- Built-up and settlement extent, 2010 (HBASE, Landsat) CIESIN/Columbia, NASA SEDAC HBASE · register sedac.context-urban-layers
Across the six pillars, led by Nexus Consortium
- Experiments Labs
- Built in Disaster Risk Finance in Foundry
- Tested at Disaster Risk Finance in Universe
- Codified in Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction in Standards
- Published in Disaster Risk Finance in Reports
- Taught in Faculty of Hazards, Disasters and Resilience in Academy
The areas of disaster and crisis this platform takes on.
Disaster Risk Finance studies how governments, households and institutions pay for disasters, and how arranging money before an event changes what happens after it. Its pages cover risk layering, sovereign contingent liabilities, insurance and public pools, anticipatory finance triggered by forecasts, post-disaster financing, resilient public investment, the evidence behind financing decisions and the governance of disaster funds. Every source is labelled. Global Risks Alliance shares industry understanding and does not lend, insure, fund or advise any government.
Risk layering
Matching instruments to the frequency and severity of losses: reserves for frequent events, contingent credit for medium ones, insurance for rare ones.
Contingent liabilities
The disaster costs a government is likely or obliged to bear, explicit or implicit, and how they enter fiscal risk statements.
Insurance and pools
Sovereign parametric insurance, regional risk pools, national schemes and public-private partnerships for households and farmers.
Anticipatory finance
Funds released on forecasts before a hazard strikes, with pre-agreed triggers, actions and delivery channels.
Post-disaster financing
Budget reallocation, emergency borrowing, debt pause clauses, humanitarian appeals and reconstruction finance.
Resilient public investment
Building risk reduction into public investment appraisal and infrastructure, so that fewer losses need financing.
Evidence and diligence
Risk models, loss data and evaluation that support financing choices, and the questions diligence asks of them.
Governance
Legal frameworks, fund rules, transparency and accountability for disaster money from trigger to beneficiary.
Trace a shock in Disaster Risk Finance to the balance sheet.
Assembled from the Nexus Standards area profile Disaster and climate risk finance: the shocks it names, the systems and sectors that carry the loss, the controls that dampen it and the data that observe it. Pick an initiating shock and step through the cascade to see which exposures it reaches and where losses could concentrate. The Map view places the run on an example geography with open data. Every weight is a stated assumption. An exercise, not a forecast, a valuation, a rating or investment advice. To model a place of your own choosing, open the full System Builder.
Hazards
- Tropical cyclone
- Earthquake
- Ice-jam flood
- Storm surge (set off downstream)
- Intense rainfall (set off downstream)
- River flood (set off downstream)
- Flash flood (set off downstream)
- Dangerous surf (set off downstream)
- Widespread power outage (set off downstream)
- Mass displacement (set off downstream)
- Coastal flood (set off downstream)
- Aftershock sequence (set off downstream)
- Fault surface rupture (set off downstream)
- Soil liquefaction (set off downstream)
- Slope slide (set off downstream)
- Rockfall (set off downstream)
- Tsunami (set off downstream)
- Building collapse (set off downstream)
Systems and couplings
Controls
NS-0Constitution and principlesNS-3Risk record UNIs (grammar, legacy crosswalk, allocation authority)NS-9Contextual UNIs (deployments, instances, programme instances)NS-10Policies and clauses (machine-readable obligations: definition, binding, evaluation and enforcement)NS-11Verification and monitoring (evidence, attestations, zero-trust conformance observation)NS-14Conformance and crosswalk to external standardsNRS-F8Parametric and index-based risk transferNRS-F7Disaster risk finance and pre-arranged financeNRS-H113Hazard family: Financial-system fragility (NHS-1 soc.financial-system)NRS-H114Hazard family: Macroeconomic and fiscal shocks (NHS-1 soc.macro-fiscal)NRS-D1Risk-informed development and project screeningNRS-H28Hazard family: Climate-state shifts (NHS-1 eco.climate-state)
Observation
- ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Data Store) (listed for reference)
- CHIRPS quasi-global gridded precipitation (listed for reference)
- USGS earthquake GeoJSON summary feeds (listed for reference)
- Total public international support for national disaster risk reduction actions (Sendai indicator F-1)
- Direct economic loss attributed to disasters in relation to global GDP
Example geography
- Western Europe: 152 hexagonal cells
- Rain rate, last half hour (IMERG), NASA GIBS
- Night lights tonight, outages (VIIRS Day/Night Band), NASA GIBS
- Surface water through cloud, 30 m (OPERA DSWx-S1 radar), NASA GIBS
- Surface soil moisture (SMAP), NASA GIBS
What Disaster Risk Finance does.
Disaster risk finance is the set of plans and instruments that governments, households and institutions use to pay for disasters, arranged before or after an event. Global Risks Alliance’s platform explains layering, contingent liabilities, insurance and pools, anticipatory finance, post-disaster funding, resilient investment, evidence and governance. It does not lend, insure or advise.
Its community
Disaster finance researchers; fiscal risk analysts; public sector risk teams.
What Disaster Risk Finance means for exposure, loss and capital.
The exposure, loss, scenario and capital views a risk officer, supervisor or ministry of finance would ask for, with the frameworks they report against. Structures follow supervisory and actuarial practice. Values are illustrative: never prices, ratings or advice.
Financing instruments by layer
How retention and transfer instruments could share losses from Disaster Risk Finance, from frequent to extreme.
| Layer | Who holds the risk | Speed of funds | Main limit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Retention and reserves | Budget, contingency funds | Immediate | Size of the budget |
| Contingent credit | Development banks, ministries of finance | Days to weeks | Debt capacity |
| Parametric cover and risk pools | Regional pools, insurers | Days, on a trigger | Basis risk |
| Reinsurance and catastrophe bonds | Reinsurers, capital markets investors | Weeks to months | Cost of capital |
| Residual loss | Households, firms, humanitarian funding | Uncertain | Unfunded |
Exposure and loss at return periods
How losses from Disaster Risk Finance grow with severity, gross and net of reinsurance, against capital.
| Return period | Annual probability | Gross loss | Net loss | Net, capital = 100 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 in 10 | 0.10 | 14 | 10 | 10 |
| 1 in 50 | 0.02 | 33 | 21 | 21 |
| 1 in 100 | 0.01 | 46 | 27 | 27 |
| 1 in 250 | 0.004 | 68 | 39 | 39 |
| Average annual loss | 3.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
Why disaster costs become fiscal and financial crises.
Disasters impose costs on everyone at once. Homes, businesses, roads, schools and power lines are damaged together; incomes fall just as spending needs rise; tax revenues drop while governments are expected to fund relief, reconstruction and support for those without insurance. In many countries most disaster losses are uninsured, so the state becomes the insurer of last resort through implicit commitments that appear in no budget until the event occurs.
How the bill is paid matters as much as its size. Money that arrives months after an event, through budget reallocations, emergency appeals or new borrowing, often arrives after households have sold assets, children have left school and small firms have closed. Delays raise the eventual cost of recovery. Large events can also strain public debt, weaken credit standing and force cuts to other spending, turning a physical shock into a fiscal and financial one that lasts for years.
Disaster risk finance is the discipline of planning ahead: understanding the contingent liabilities a government or institution carries, deciding which risks to retain and which to transfer, arranging funds before they are needed, and linking money to clear plans for its use. It draws on actuarial science, public finance, development economics and decision analysis, and it depends on credible hazard and loss evidence.
Where projects sit, and which layer protects them.
Where development projects meet hazard and poverty, and which financing layer protects them. Hypothetical projects and design values.
Shared understanding of preparedness, not transactions.
Disaster Risk Finance builds shared understanding of risk layering, contingent liability analysis and risk financing scenarios across the public sector, development institutions and the financial industry. It is a finance-instruments and fiscal-readiness community, not a disaster response organisation.
Disaster finance dossiers
Structured evidence on a country’s or sector’s disaster finance landscape, prepared as research for independent reviewers.
Protection gap methods
Methods for measuring the gap between economic losses and the finance available to cover them, including at sovereign level.
Financing scenarios
Scenarios that compare how different arrangements would perform across events, with assumptions stated.
GRA is a nonprofit business league for the financial services industry. It does not lend, underwrite, rate, invest, advise on or arrange transactions, and readiness work is not approval. Competition safeguards are designed and set out in a written policy.
Grounded in quantitative methods, connected across three institutions.
The platform applies actuarial mathematics, economics and development economics, decision analysis under uncertainty and forecasting and time-series analysis. It sits in four fields: disaster and crisis, sovereign and public finance, development finance and insurance and catastrophe.
The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) supplies hazard and resilience science at Climate and Hazards and Disaster Resilience and Recovery, and development analysis at Economic Development. Global Risks Forum (GRF) convenes governance at Disaster and Crisis Governance and Capital Nexus. Within GRA, the platform works with Reinsurance and Catastrophe, Public Finance and Sovereign Debt and the disaster risk finance readiness track. Research feeds the Finance and Insurance Readiness and Portfolio and Readiness series, and the Universe theme pre-arranged finance for anticipatory action tests it in an exercise setting.
Built on named science, technology, engineering and mathematics.
Every claim on Disaster Risk Finance rests on methods with a canonical page in the STEM Commons, so readers can see what a finding depends on and where its limits lie.
How this works across the six pillars.
Disaster Risk Finance works through six pillars of one annual programme, led by the Nexus Consortium, with GCRI, GRF and GRA each contributing in its role: explore, experiment and prototype in Labs, build, simulate and prepare in Foundry, convene and test in Universe, codify, correct and apply in Nexus Standards, publish in every format in Reports, teach in the open in Risk Academy.
handoff in playrecorded handoffno direct handoff
Programme yearAll phases
Route
The whole programme
Every pillar hands its work to another; together they close the year’s feedback loops.
L · F · U · S · R · A
- Pillars
- 6 of 6
- Handoffs
- 18 of 18
- Loops
- 17 closed
Handoffs in play
- F01Universe → Foundry · Admitted mission becomes a cycle project with a decision caseReadiness preparation
- F02Foundry → Universe · Core Build Report and go or no-go evidenceControlled build
- F03Foundry → Reports · Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profileCloseout
- F04Universe → Reports · After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13After-action review
and 14 more
- LabsWhere questions become experiments and prototypes: new methods, data and tools are tried in the open, with their limits on record, before the Foundry builds them, under the Nexus Consortium.Labs
- FoundryWhere exposure and scenario evidence is built so supervisors, insurers and investors can read it.Disaster Risk Finance in FoundryFoundry
- UniverseWhere scenarios are tested in controlled exercises, and finance-readiness dialogues read what they mean for capital and cover.Disaster Risk Finance in Universeuniverse.nexus
- Nexus StandardsWhere disclosure and data rules are codified so risk evidence is comparable for finance and insurance.Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction in Standardsnexustandards.com
- ReportsWhere sector analysis and the finance and insurance readiness series are published, with exposure and limits stated.Disaster Risk Finance in ReportsReports
- Risk AcademyWhere finance, insurance and public-finance professionals learn to read risk evidence, on Risk Academy.Faculty of Hazards, Disasters and Resilience in Academyrisksacademy.com
What the work is read against.
The platform does not set standards. It reads its evidence against the frameworks that competent bodies have adopted, so a finding can be placed where a decision-maker already works.
| Framework or standard | Body | What it sets |
|---|---|---|
| Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction | UNDRR | Priorities for investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience, including risk transfer and financial protection mechanisms |
| Recommendation on Disaster Risk Financing Strategies | OECD Council | Principles for governments to assess financial exposure, plan and manage disaster costs across households, businesses and the public sector |
| Disaster risk finance analytical framework and risk layering approach | World Bank and the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) | A method for combining retained and transferred instruments by loss layer, with attention to timing and cost |
| Global Shield against Climate Risks | V20 and G7, with partners including the World Bank and GIZ | Country-led packages of pre-arranged finance for climate and disaster risk in vulnerable countries |
| InsuResilience pro-poor principles | InsuResilience Global Partnership | Principles for climate and disaster risk finance and insurance that reaches poor and vulnerable people |
| Fiscal Transparency Code, fiscal risk pillar | International Monetary Fund | Disclosure and management of fiscal risks, including contingent liabilities from natural disasters |
| Climate resilient debt clauses | Model terms published with the International Capital Market Association, and in multilateral and bilateral loans | Clauses that let a borrower defer debt service after a qualifying disaster |
| Anticipatory action frameworks | UN OCHA, the Central Emergency Response Fund and partners | Pre-agreed triggers, financing and actions for humanitarian response before a forecast shock |
| Disaster Response Emergency Fund rules | International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) | Rapid funding for national societies, including a forecast-based action window |
The same field, seen three ways.
GCRI studies a field as science, GRF governs it and GRA builds shared financial understanding of it. Disaster Risk Finance links to its counterparts so that work on one side is visible on the others.
- AgencyInstitutionGCRIShared fieldDevelopment finance
- Climate and HazardsInstitutionGCRIShared fieldDisaster and crisis
- Disaster Resilience and RecoveryInstitutionGCRIShared fieldDisaster and crisis
- Economic DevelopmentInstitutionGCRIShared fieldDevelopment finance
- Capital NexusInstitutionGRFShared fieldDevelopment finance, Sovereign and public finance
- Disaster and Crisis GovernanceInstitutionGRFShared fieldDisaster and crisis
Pages in Disaster Risk Finance.
Industry scope and publisher
PageFinancial discipline overview
PageProfessional research
PageTechnology and emerging practices
PageResilience and finance readiness
PageResearch and industry programmes
PageAnalytical and data resources
PageProfessional community
PageProfessional learning
PageProfessional meetings
PageReports and sector briefs
PageMembership and research participation
PageContact the industry platform
PageAntitrust, independence and financial perimeter
PageSTEM foundation of Disaster Risk Finance
PageHow work moves in this field
PageBuild in Foundry
PageTest in Universe
PagePublish in Reports
PageThe same field across the Consortium
PageTopics
Questions and answers.
Who publishes Disaster Risk Finance?
Is Disaster Risk Finance active?
How can I contribute?
Where are findings published?
Which values on this platform are real?
How do I report an error?
Can GRA help a government buy disaster insurance?
Does the platform fund disaster response?
Contribute evidence from this page.
Reports is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.
- EmailGateway GW-GRASend it from this pageEvidence, a correction, a case, a method, a review, a translation or profile input. It arrives tagged with this page, so the editor who owns it receives it.
- ZenodoOpen depositDeposit it and submit to the communityPublish your own record on Zenodo with your ORCID iD, then submit it to the Reports community there. Curators review it; the DOI stays yours.
- ReportsGlobal Risks AllianceSee every way to contributeThe contribution types, how each is reviewed, what credit you receive, the licence and what is never accepted.
Never send personal data, sensitive infrastructure detail or anything you have no right to share. A contribution is reviewed before use; sending it confers no authorship or editorial rights, and sponsorship never buys a finding.
How Disaster Risk Finance works.
Choose a view and press Play to follow the platform’s process, its programme year, the standards it applies and how its findings are published. The outline shows how the work is designed to run, not the status of any decision.
Disaster Risk Finance
How Disaster Risk Finance works
Platforms · Programme year · Standards · Reports
A platform joins a field to named methods, labelled evidence and the outputs it publishes, without becoming the authority it serves.
01 Scope
- 01Field and familiesStart · The platform leadThe home states the field, its families and who it serves.
- 02Topic dossiersRecord · Platform authorsTopics explain the subject with labelled evidence.
02 Evidence
- 03Evidence labelsRecord · GCRIEach value is labelled: observed, published statistics, estimated, modelled, scenario or unknown.
- 04MethodsStep · Method ownersMethods come from the STEM Commons, each with one canonical page.
03 Work
- 05Scenarios on the systemsModel · Foundry pillarScenarios run on the Nexus systems, labelled as scenario.
- 06Standards that applyRecord · Nexus StandardsThe platform names the standards that apply. A validator report is evidence for review.
04 Publish
- 07EditionsRecord · ReportsFindings are published through Reports with their limits.
- 08Authority decidesOutcome · The competent authorityDecisions and execution stay with the government, operator or licensed institution.
Disaster Risk Finance home · Platforms · Shared methodsAn outline of how the work is designed to run; it does not report the status of any decision or record.
Take part in Disaster Risk Finance.
Start from who you are. Answer an open call. Or form and lead a competence cell on the Disaster Risk Finance platform.
National institutions
Ministries, statistics offices and agencies: a national desk and chapter, and a seat in the working groups. National chapters
Sectors and professions
Operators, regulators, banks, insurers and professional bodies whose work touches Disaster Risk Finance. Participate
Learning
Courses and practice, with a record of every course completed. Free to study. Open learning
Standards
Draft, review and adopt the methods and data standards with the working groups. Working groups
Communities and research
Universities, civil society and individual experts: projects, data and review. Write to the team
| Open call | Seeks | Closes |
|---|---|---|
| Founding call for experts to the working groups CALL-FOUNDING-EXPERTS | expert, editor, chair | 2026-12-15 |
| Open nomination for the three independent expert seats of the Global Standards Council CALL-GSC-IND | council-member | 2026-12-01 |
| Nominations of interim regional members (applies only if the transitional provision is decided) CALL-GSC-REG | council-member | 2026-12-15 |
| Review of the wave-1 risk core outlines (C1, C2, C3, C4, C8, C10, C11) CALL-REVIEW-WAVE1 | contributor | 2027-01-31 |
| Experts for the core standards of risk science: uncertainty and evidence grading, scales, structured expert judgement, tolerability, extremes and compound events, catastrophic and existential risk, ethics and equity, units and measurement (NRS-C17 to NRS-C24) CALL-CORE-SCIENCE | expert, editor, chair | 2027-01-31 |
| Independent reviewers for the families of the hazard atlas, three from at least two regions for each family (NHS2-R19), priority families first CALL-ATLAS-REVIEW | expert | 2027-03-31 |
| Members of the interim Frontier Safety Review Panel and red-team reviewers (biosafety and biosecurity, AI safety and security, critical-infrastructure security); applications treated in confidence CALL-FRONTIER-SAFETY-REVIEW | expert | 2026-11-30 |
| Experts in ontology, metrology, software verification and conformity assessment for the requirement register, the NHS-2 machine representation, the conformance test suites and the conformity assessment scheme CALL-CONFORMANCE-ONTOLOGY | expert, editor | 2027-01-31 |
Calls past their closing date are hidden automatically. Every call, proposal and route: open areas and calls.
Gather the cell
Bring together three to seven people with complementary skills: data, field practice, policy and communication.
Register it
Write to the team with the cell’s name, members, area and region. You receive a reference and a contact. Write to the team
Choose a charter
Pick one focus: research and evidence, data and maps, standards review, or community preparedness.
Learn together
Follow shared study paths at Risk Academy, with practice and a record of every course completed. Hazards and resilience
Lead and report
Hold regular sessions. Publish what the cell learns through Reports. Bring findings to the working groups. Working groups
What a national team or a local community can do on The Global Risks Index (NXS-GRX) today.
Your country’s profile
Open risk profiles for 195 countries, with sources and licences on every value. Open the Index
Correct or reply
Correct a value or reply for your country. The change is logged with its effect. Open the Index
Offer data
Offer a dataset. It enters through the licence gate, with your credit. Open the Index
Every figure on this page is indexed: hazards, climate, conflict, the world.
The Index is the Consortium’s indexing system for risk data. Every indicator, hazard, series and country profile carries its Nexus Standards identifier, its source and its licence, so what this page shows can be traced, corrected and reused.
- 01 · Sources205 registered sourcesEvery value keeps its source and licence; withheld values are counted.Data and licences
- 02 · Nexus StandardsNIS-1 and NHS-1451 indicators, 905 hazards; every record carries a UNI.Nexus Standards
- 03 · The Index54 series, 195 country profilesComputed on the standards; no value is published until an edition is released.The Global Risks Index
- 04 · This pageDisaster Risk FinanceMaps, figures and feeds read the Index in the context of hazards, climate, conflict.Public API
Series in this context hazards, climate, conflict
- GLBGlobal SystemsThe state of interdependent global risk: the twenty domain indices aggregated to the world, the five core systems (water, energy, food, health, biodiversity) and their couplings, the global tail register and the gap…NXS-GRX-AR-000002Hazards · Climate · Conflict
- THDisaster Risk Intelligence (DRI)Signals, observations, event streams, geospatial layers and scenario packs turned into structured risk intelligence for preparedness and planning.NXS-GRX-AR-000111Hazards · Climate · Conflict
- GSGlobal CitiesUrban exposure, heat, flooding, informal settlement, service dependency and the economic weight of cities at risk.NXS-GRX-AR-000068Hazards · Infrastructure · Climate
- GSGlobal ClimateChronic and acute physical climate hazard, transition exposure, adaptation gaps and scenario pathways to 2030, 2050 and 2100.NXS-GRX-AR-000065Climate · Hazards · Finance
Country profiles the world
Every country profile carries the source and licence of each value. Correct a value or reply
Hazard domains NHS-1
- Atmosphere and weatherNXS-GRX-AR-000135
- Solid EarthNXS-GRX-AR-000138
- Systemic and compound eventsNXS-GRX-AR-000148
Geodata and API open
Open layers on an equal-area hexagon grid, shown as densities per km² or as symbols: People · GHSL 2025People · WorldPop 2025Built-up areaPortsAirportsRoadsRailwaysRivers and lake centrelines
/api/v1/public/grix · https://nexustandards.com/uni/{uni}
Developers · Data · Made with Natural Earth, Public domain; GHSL and WorldPop, CC BY 4.0
Snapshot of the Index registries pinned 2026-10-23 · 22c6eed. Research and risk-analytics information: not a rating, an official classification, a warning, a benchmark or advice.
Bring an exposure or capital question to the Alliance.
Information and enquiries are open today. An enquiry receives a reference and names the next step; applications, payments, compute allocations and registrations open only when their team, terms and review capacity exist.
Legal documents.
Maps, data and figures on this site are shown for context and general information. They are not advice, forecasts or warnings; the limits of the information are set out in the Disclaimers and Data Notices.