The Global Risks Alliance (GRA)
Topics at Disaster Risk Finance: the pages in this section are listed below, each with its own scope and status.
The Disaster Risk Finance topics are the eight subject dossiers of its field, among them risk financing layers, sovereign contingent liabilities, and insurance and public pools. Each dossier sets out how the risk develops, what is measured and in which units, the public sources and their licences, the methods, who decides and the limits of the evidence.
GRA is a nonprofit business league for the financial services industry. It does not lend, underwrite, rate, invest, advise on or arrange transactions, and readiness work is not approval.
Topic pages in Disaster Risk Finance share one structure: mechanisms, indicators, sources, methods, decisions and limits, written for ministry of finance risk units and disaster management agencies.
Each term as this page uses it. Where a standard-setting body defines the term, the wording follows that body.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Risk retention | Bearing a loss directly through budgets or reserves rather than transferring it. |
| Explicit contingent liability | A government obligation set in law or contract that becomes due if an event occurs. |
| Basis risk | The difference between a parametric payout and the actual loss suffered. |
| Early action protocol | A pre-agreed plan specifying triggers, actions, roles and funding for acting before a forecast hazard. |
| Ex post financing | Funding mobilised after a disaster has occurred, such as new borrowing or appeals. |
The bodies and documents this page is read against. Status and editions change; each link goes to the issuing body.
Retention, contingency and external risk transfer.
TopicDisaster costs and budget exposures.
TopicPools and insurance readiness.
TopicTriggers and preparedness evidence.
TopicLiquidity timing and recovery resources.
TopicRisk-sensitive budget and capital projects.
TopicIndependent reviewer information needs.
TopicAuthority, consent and approval limits.
The current service level is R0: information and enquiries. An enquiry receives a reference and names the next step; applications, payments, compute allocations and registrations open only when their team, terms and review capacity exist.