Vulnerability by construction class
Damage functions are developed by construction type, height, age and code era from engineering analysis and claims.
GRA · 再保険とカタストロフィ
空間金融資本がハザード、エクスポージャー、移行と出会う場所
Structural engineering explains how buildings and infrastructure respond to wind, ground shaking, flood and fire. In catastrophe reinsurance it supplies the vulnerability functions that convert ハザードの強度 into damage and loss.
Structural and 地震 engineering designs buildings, bridges and other structures to carry loads safely, including those from earthquakes, wind and floods. It determines how much damage the built environment suffers when hazards occur. In insurance and catastrophe, climate and hazards and disaster and crisis, structural engineering supplies vulnerability functions for loss models and guides retrofit priorities. It links ハザードの強度 to disruption of housing, services and supply chains. The canonical description is on STEM コモンズ.
Damage functions are developed by construction type, height, age and code era from engineering analysis and claims.
Loss differences between buildings of different code eras are studied to show how much stronger standards reduce damage.
Field surveys after events record damage patterns by building type, which are then used to recalibrate vulnerability functions.
Where a portfolio’s assets sit, and how much of its value is most exposed. Hypothetical assets, not an assessment.
Datasets and records used by structural and 地震 engineering on this platform, with the role each plays and the label its values carry. Sources are listed in 出典の登録簿.
| データ | 役割 | ラベル |
|---|---|---|
| Claims by construction type | キャリブレーション | 報告値 |
| Engineering test results | Component behaviour | 観測 |
| Post-event surveys | Damage patterns | 観測 |
この手法を追跡するためにチームが使う画面:その指標、状態、決定。名前は例であり、値はイメージです。
Reinsurance and catastrophe · Structural and earthquake · Run R-8382
| Slight | 0.18 | 0.6 | Cosmetic |
| 中程度 | 0.32 | 0.7 | Repairable |
| Extensive | 0.63 | 0.7 | Major |
| 完了 | 0.9 | 0.7 | Replace |
Designs are checked against codes, laboratory and shake-table tests, and observed performance after events. Peer review is used for unusual structures.
| 確認 | 実施方法 |
|---|---|
| Claims back-testing | Functions reproduce observed damage ratios |
| Secondary modifiers | The effect of roof, opening and foundation features is documented |
| Regional applicability | Functions are checked for the building stock where applied |
Existing building stock is often poorly documented. Interaction of multiple hazards and degradation over time is incompletely represented.
フットプリント内のポートフォリオが、年間で、また保険会社や貸し手が価格付けに用いる 100 年に 1 度と 250 年に 1 度の水準で、どれだけの損失を見込むかを示します。あらゆる カタストロフィ・モデル uses. Teaching model with stated illustrative values, not a prediction. The map on this page shows The Gulf of Mexico coast; the model itself is not tied to a place.
管理策
読み取り値
| 再現期間(年) | Intensity (g peak ground acceleration) | 損失(価値に対する %) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | −0.02 | 0.00 |
| 2 | 0.06 | 0.00 |
| 4 | 0.10 | 0.00 |
| 7 | 0.13 | 0.00 |
| 13 | 0.17 | 0.00 |
| 24 | 0.20 | 0.00 |
| 44 | 0.23 | 0.00 |
| 82 | 0.26 | 7.23 |
| 154 | 0.29 | 9.40 |
| 287 | 0.32 | 11.60 |
| 536 | 0.35 | 13.79 |
| 1,000 | 0.39 | 15.92 |
The model runs on the teaching values set by the controls. To calibrate it for a place, read it against these admitted layers and series, which this page’s map can draw:
6 本の柱を通じて、Nexus Consortium が主導
Assembled from the Nexus Standards area profile 保険と再保険: the shocks it names, the システム and sectors that carry the loss, the controls that dampen it and the data that observe it. Pick an initiating shock and step through the cascade to see which exposures it reaches and where losses could concentrate. The Map view places the run on an example geography with open data. Every weight is a stated assumption. An exercise, not a forecast, a valuation, a rating or investment advice. To model a place of your own choosing, open the full System Builder.
ハザード
管理策
NS-0 憲章と原則NS-3 リスク記録の UNI(文法、旧体系との対照、割当権限)NS-9 文脈 UNI(展開、インスタンス、プログラム・インスタンス)NS-10 方針と条項(機械可読な義務:定義、拘束、評価、執行)NS-11 検証とモニタリング(エビデンス、証明、ゼロトラストの適合性観測)NS-14 適合性と外部標準との対照NRS-F3 保険、カタストロフィ・リスク、保護ギャップNRS-H113 ハザード・ファミリー:金融システムの脆弱性(NHS-1 soc.financial-system)NRS-U17 ユニバース platform profile: Insurance NexusNRS-H71 ハザード分類:地質学的時間と宇宙の大災害(NHS-1 planet.deep-time)NRS-H65 ハザード・ファミリー:プラネタリー・バウンダリーの逸脱(NHS-1 planet.boundary)NRS-F8 パラメトリックおよびインデックス型のリスク移転観測
例示の地理
リスク責任者、監督当局、財務省が求めるエクスポージャー、損失、シナリオ、資本のビューと、それらが報告の根拠とする枠組み。構造は監督実務とアクチュアリー実務に従います。値は例示であり、価格、格付け、助言では決してありません。
How losses from structural and earthquake engineering for reinsurance and catastrophe grow with severity, gross and net of reinsurance, against capital.
| 再現期間 | 年間確率 | 総損失 | 純損失 | 純額、資本 = 100 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 年に 1 度 | 0.10 | 14 | 10 | 10 |
| 50 年に 1 度 | 0.02 | 33 | 21 | 21 |
| 100 年に 1 度 | 0.01 | 46 | 27 | 27 |
| 250 年に 1 度 | 0.004 | 68 | 39 | 39 |
| 年間平均損失 | 3.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
報告書 is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.
個人データ、重要インフラの機微な詳細、共有する権利のないものは決して送らないでください。寄稿は利用前にレビューされます。送付によって著作者としての権利や編集上の権利が生じることはなく、スポンサーシップで調査結果を買うことは決してできません。
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