GRA · Public Finance and Sovereign Debt
Spatial financeWhere capital meets hazard, exposure and transition
Public Finance and Sovereign Debt
Fiscal risk, sovereign debt and public balance sheet resilience, distinct from sovereign wealth investing. Public Finance and Sovereign Debt is an established platform of The Global Risks Alliance.
- STEM methods
- 4
- Canonical methods this field applies
- Topics
- 8
- Subject pages in the field
- Counterparts
- 6
- Platforms in shared fields across the network
- Report series
- 2
- Reports series it contributes to
21 pages under Public Finance and Sovereign Debt.
- 01STEM methods4 canonical methods applied
- 02Topics8 subject pages
- 03Counterparts6 platforms in shared fields
- 04Report series2 Reports series
- 05Industry scopeIndustry scope and publisher
- 06Financial disciplineFinancial discipline overview
- 07Professional researchProfessional research
- 08Technology emergingTechnology and emerging practices
What the work is read against.
The platform does not set standards. It reads its evidence against the frameworks that competent bodies have adopted, so a finding can be placed where a decision-maker already works.
| Framework or standard | Body | What it sets |
|---|---|---|
| Debt Sustainability Framework for Low-Income Countries | International Monetary Fund and World Bank | Joint assessment of external and public debt distress risk for countries eligible for concessional finance |
| Sovereign Risk and Debt Sustainability Framework for market access countries | International Monetary Fund | Assessment of sovereign stress risk and debt sustainability over near, medium and long horizons |
| Common Framework for Debt Treatments beyond the DSSI | G20 with the Paris Club | A process for coordinated debt treatment for eligible low-income countries involving bilateral, multilateral and private creditors |
| Global Sovereign Debt Roundtable restructuring playbook | IMF, World Bank and G20 presidency co-chairs | A non-binding summary of steps, concepts and processes in recent sovereign restructurings |
| Fiscal Transparency Code | International Monetary Fund | Standards for fiscal reporting, forecasting and budgeting, fiscal risk analysis and resource revenue management |
| Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability (PEFA) framework | PEFA partners, secretariat hosted by the World Bank | Indicators for assessing public financial management performance |
| International Public Sector Accounting Standards | International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) | Accrual accounting standards for governments and public sector entities |
| Principles on Promoting Responsible Sovereign Lending and Borrowing | United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) | Shared responsibilities of lenders and borrowers for sustainable sovereign finance |
| Government Finance Statistics Manual and Public Sector Debt Statistics Guide | International Monetary Fund with partner organisations | Statistical standards for compiling and reporting government finance and public debt |
Debt sustainability console.
The screen a team would use to follow this field: its measures, states and decisions. Names are examples and values are illustrative.
The questions this field works on.
Sovereign debt sustainability
Debt structure, servicing and shock sensitivity.
TopicFiscal contingent liabilities
Guarantees, disasters and public exposure.
TopicSubnational fiscal risk
Local and provincial budget shocks.
TopicCommodity and revenue risk
Resources, pricing and fiscal dependence.
TopicPublic investment efficiency
Evidence and capital planning.
TopicSocial and health expenditure
Resilience of essential services.
TopicClimate and disaster fiscal risk
Physical risks and state finance.
TopicDebt transparency and data
Quality, limitations and comparability.
Sovereign debt paths and the odds of breaching a threshold.
The distribution of debt paths, and the share above a threshold of concern at the horizon, that sovereign investors and rating analysts read from a fan chart. Teaching model with stated illustrative values, not a prediction.
- Median, 25% to 75% and 10% to 90% bands
- No shocks
Controls
- Debt today
- 70% of GDP
- Effective nominal interest rate
- 5.0%
- Nominal GDP growth
- 4.5%
- Primary balance
- −0.5% of GDP
- Volatility of growth
- 2.0 points
- Volatility of the interest rate
- 1.0 points
- Years ahead
- 10 years
- Threshold of concern
- 90% of GDP
Readouts
- Median debt at the horizon
- 79% of GDP
- Paths above the threshold at the horizon
- 4%
- Primary balance that stabilises debt
- 0.3% of GDP
Numbers, methods and sources
| Year | 10% | 25% | Median | 75% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 |
| 1 | 69.0 | 69.9 | 70.8 | 72.0 | 73.0 |
| 2 | 68.9 | 70.4 | 72.0 | 73.5 | 74.9 |
| 3 | 69.0 | 71.0 | 72.9 | 74.9 | 76.3 |
| 4 | 69.6 | 71.5 | 73.8 | 75.7 | 77.6 |
| 5 | 69.5 | 72.1 | 74.6 | 76.9 | 79.2 |
| 6 | 70.1 | 72.5 | 75.5 | 78.2 | 80.7 |
| 7 | 70.8 | 73.3 | 76.5 | 79.5 | 82.3 |
| 8 | 71.3 | 74.0 | 77.2 | 80.8 | 84.2 |
| 9 | 71.3 | 74.4 | 78.2 | 81.7 | 85.3 |
| 10 | 71.9 | 75.2 | 78.7 | 82.8 | 86.4 |
Methods
- Debt dynamics and the interest-growth differential Blanchard (2019), Public debt and low interest rates, American Economic Review 109
- Stochastic fan charts Celasun, Debrun and Ostry (2006), IMF Staff Papers 53
- Sovereign risk and debt sustainability framework IMF (2022), Staff Guidance Note on the SRDSF
Data
No observed data enters this model: it runs on the teaching values set by the controls, to be replaced with a programme’s own evidence.
Across the six pillars, led by Nexus Consortium
- Experiments Labs
- Built in Public Finance and Sovereign Debt in Foundry
- Tested at Public Finance and Sovereign Debt in Universe
- Codified in Finance, Insurance and the Economy in Standards
- Published in Public Finance and Sovereign Debt in Reports
- Taught in Faculty of Finance and Economics in Academy
The areas of sovereign and public finance this platform takes on.
Public Finance and Sovereign Debt studies how governments raise, spend and borrow, and how fiscal risk becomes debt distress: debt sustainability, contingent liabilities from guarantees and state enterprises, subnational finances, commodity-dependent revenue, public investment, social and health spending, climate and disaster costs, and the transparency of debt data. Its pages set out the mechanisms, frameworks, data and decision holders, with every source labelled. Global Risks Alliance shares industry understanding and does not assess, rate or advise any government or creditor.
Debt sustainability
Whether a government can meet its debt obligations without unrealistic adjustment, and the frameworks used to assess it.
Contingent liabilities
Guarantees, state-owned enterprises, public-private partnerships and financial sector support that can become public debt.
Subnational fiscal risk
Borrowing and spending by regions, provinces and cities, and the rules and bailout expectations that govern them.
Commodity and revenue risk
Dependence on volatile revenue from oil, gas, minerals or narrow tax bases, and fiscal rules that manage it.
Public investment efficiency
How well public investment turns money into assets and services, and the institutions that shape it.
Social and health expenditure
Spending on health, education and social protection, its fiscal pressures and its protection in adjustment.
Climate and disaster fiscal risk
How physical climate risk, disasters and the transition affect revenue, spending and debt.
Debt transparency and data
Coverage, timeliness and disclosure of public debt data, including collateralised and hidden debt.
Trace a shock in Public Finance and Sovereign Debt to the balance sheet.
Assembled from the Nexus Standards area profile Disaster and climate risk finance: the shocks it names, the systems and sectors that carry the loss, the controls that dampen it and the data that observe it. Pick an initiating shock and step through the cascade to see which exposures it reaches and where losses could concentrate. The Map view places the run on an example geography with open data. Every weight is a stated assumption. An exercise, not a forecast, a valuation, a rating or investment advice. To model a place of your own choosing, open the full System Builder.
Hazards
- Tropical cyclone
- Earthquake
- Ice-jam flood
- Storm surge (set off downstream)
- Intense rainfall (set off downstream)
- River flood (set off downstream)
- Flash flood (set off downstream)
- Dangerous surf (set off downstream)
- Widespread power outage (set off downstream)
- Mass displacement (set off downstream)
- Coastal flood (set off downstream)
- Aftershock sequence (set off downstream)
- Fault surface rupture (set off downstream)
- Soil liquefaction (set off downstream)
- Slope slide (set off downstream)
- Rockfall (set off downstream)
- Tsunami (set off downstream)
- Building collapse (set off downstream)
Systems and couplings
Controls
NS-0Constitution and principlesNS-3Risk record UNIs (grammar, legacy crosswalk, allocation authority)NS-9Contextual UNIs (deployments, instances, programme instances)NS-10Policies and clauses (machine-readable obligations: definition, binding, evaluation and enforcement)NS-11Verification and monitoring (evidence, attestations, zero-trust conformance observation)NS-14Conformance and crosswalk to external standardsNRS-F8Parametric and index-based risk transferNRS-F7Disaster risk finance and pre-arranged financeNRS-H113Hazard family: Financial-system fragility (NHS-1 soc.financial-system)NRS-H114Hazard family: Macroeconomic and fiscal shocks (NHS-1 soc.macro-fiscal)NRS-D1Risk-informed development and project screeningNRS-H28Hazard family: Climate-state shifts (NHS-1 eco.climate-state)
Observation
- ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Data Store) (listed for reference)
- CHIRPS quasi-global gridded precipitation (listed for reference)
- USGS earthquake GeoJSON summary feeds (listed for reference)
- Total public international support for national disaster risk reduction actions (Sendai indicator F-1)
- Direct economic loss attributed to disasters in relation to global GDP
Example geography
- Western Europe: 152 hexagonal cells
- Rain rate, last half hour (IMERG), NASA GIBS
- Night lights tonight, outages (VIIRS Day/Night Band), NASA GIBS
- Surface water through cloud, 30 m (OPERA DSWx-S1 radar), NASA GIBS
- Surface soil moisture (SMAP), NASA GIBS
What Public Finance and Sovereign Debt does.
Public finance and sovereign debt is the study of how governments raise, spend and borrow and how fiscal risk becomes debt distress. Global Risks Alliance’s platform explains debt sustainability, contingent liabilities, subnational and revenue risk, investment, social spending, climate costs and debt transparency. It does not assess or rate any sovereign.
Its community
Public finance analysts; sovereign risk researchers; debt and fiscal specialists.
Its methods
Fiscal stress analysis; debt sustainability concepts; contingent liabilities.
Its outputs
Sovereign risk briefs; public-finance readiness methods.
What Public Finance and Sovereign Debt means for exposure, loss and capital.
The exposure, loss, scenario and capital views a risk officer, supervisor or ministry of finance would ask for, with the frameworks they report against. Structures follow supervisory and actuarial practice. Values are illustrative: never prices, ratings or advice.
Capital, solvency and fiscal indicators
The indicators a risk officer, supervisor or ministry of finance reads first on Public Finance and Sovereign Debt.
| Indicator | Unit | Who reads it | Framework |
|---|---|---|---|
| Public debt | % of GDP | Ministries of finance, IMF | Debt Sustainability Framework |
| Gross financing needs | % of GDP per year | Ministries of finance, investors | Debt Sustainability Framework |
| Contingent liabilities | % of GDP, by source | Ministries of finance | Fiscal risk statements |
| Interest to revenue | % of revenue | Ministries of finance, rating users | Public finance statistics |
| Sovereign spread | basis points over a benchmark | Investors, debt managers | Market data |
| CET1 ratio | % of risk-weighted assets | Banks, supervisors | Basel framework |
| Liquidity coverage ratio | % of stressed outflows | Banks, central banks | Basel framework |
Financing instruments by layer
How retention and transfer instruments could share losses from Public Finance and Sovereign Debt, from frequent to extreme.
| Layer | Who holds the risk | Speed of funds | Main limit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Retention and reserves | Budget, contingency funds | Immediate | Size of the budget |
| Contingent credit | Development banks, ministries of finance | Days to weeks | Debt capacity |
| Parametric cover and risk pools | Regional pools, insurers | Days, on a trigger | Basis risk |
| Reinsurance and catastrophe bonds | Reinsurers, capital markets investors | Weeks to months | Cost of capital |
| Residual loss | Households, firms, humanitarian funding | Uncertain | Unfunded |
Public balance sheets absorb the shocks others cannot.
When disasters strike, pandemics spread, banks fail or commodity prices collapse, governments are the insurer of last resort. They fund relief and reconstruction, support incomes, recapitalise institutions and maintain essential services. Their capacity to do this depends on the strength of the public balance sheet: the level and structure of debt, the stability of revenues, the reserves available and the credibility of fiscal institutions.
Sovereign debt is sustainable when a government can meet its obligations without an unrealistically large adjustment. That depends on the interest rate on debt relative to economic growth, the primary budget balance, the currency and maturity of borrowing, and who holds the debt. Shocks to any of these can tip a sustainable position into distress. Debt in foreign currency becomes heavier when the exchange rate falls; short maturities expose governments to sudden rises in borrowing costs; and hidden or contingent liabilities can crystallise without warning.
Fiscal distress cascades. Banks holding government bonds lose capital, credit to firms tightens, public investment and social spending are cut, and growth slows, worsening the debt position further. Defaults and restructurings are long and costly for debtors, creditors and citizens. Shared understanding of these channels serves the whole financial system, which holds, prices and depends on sovereign debt.
Hazard geography and debt that can pause.
Hazard geography by country beside a debt clause that pauses payments after a disaster. Design index, not a rating.
Shared understanding, not lending or advice.
Public Finance and Sovereign Debt is designed for public finance analysts, sovereign risk researchers and debt and fiscal specialists.
Sovereign risk briefs
Sector-level analysis of fiscal stress, debt structure and the shocks that reach public budgets, with uncertainty stated.
Public-finance readiness methods
Ways to organise fiscal and contingent liability evidence so a competent institution can review it independently.
Debt sustainability concepts
Explanations of how sustainability is assessed, what the frameworks measure and where they fall short.
GRA does not lend, underwrite, rate, invest, advise on or arrange transactions, including sovereign borrowing or debt restructuring, and it introduces no counterparties. Readiness work is not approval. GRA’s programmes are designed around competition-law safeguards that keep cooperation precompetitive, set out in a written competition policy.
Methods from the STEM Commons, partners across the Consortium.
The platform applies economics and development economics, econometrics, scenario design and stress testing and decision analysis under uncertainty, each described with its assumptions on the STEM foundation of Public Finance and Sovereign Debt. Inside Foundry it works with the NXS-DSS (decision cases and deliberation) and The Global Risks Index (NXS-GRX) systems, and its work is designed for the Finance and Insurance Readiness and Country Systems Risk and Resilience report series. Fiscal shock and contingent liabilities is its planned theme in the annual Universe programme.
Economic and hazard science comes from The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI), including Economic Development at The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI), Climate and Hazards at The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) and Disaster Resilience and Recovery at The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI). At the Global Risks Forum (GRF), Capital Nexus at the Global Risks Forum (GRF) convenes leaders on capital for shared risks and Disaster and Crisis Governance at the Global Risks Forum (GRF) convenes crisis governance. Within GRA, Sovereign Capital Nexus covers the investor side of the sovereign balance sheet and Disaster Risk Finance covers instruments for disaster costs. All counterparts are listed on counterparts across the Consortium.
Built on named science, technology, engineering and mathematics.
Every claim on Public Finance and Sovereign Debt rests on methods with a canonical page in the STEM Commons, so readers can see what a finding depends on and where its limits lie.
See the STEM foundation of Public Finance and Sovereign Debt
How work moves in this field.
A question becomes evidence, a governed build, an organised community, a controlled test, a reviewed publication and, finally, a decision taken by the competent authority under its own rules.
- Question Universe National, regional or institutional priority. Question in Public Finance and Sovereign Debt
- Evidence Foundry STEM foundation of the platform. Evidence in Public Finance and Sovereign Debt
- Build Foundry Foundry. Build in Public Finance and Sovereign Debt
- Organise Universe Nexus ecosystem. Organise in Public Finance and Sovereign Debt
- Test Universe Universe (independent site). Test in Public Finance and Sovereign Debt
- Publish Reports Reports. Publish in Public Finance and Sovereign Debt
- Decide Competent authority Competent authorities and institutions, through NXS-RLS (participants, agreements and handoffs). Decide in Public Finance and Sovereign Debt
- Renew Universe Corrections and the next annual agenda. Renew in Public Finance and Sovereign Debt
Each step of the cycle in the pillar it runs in; the decision stays with the competent authority, outside the programme.
- Labs
- Foundry
- Universe
- Nexus Standards
- Reports
- Risk Academy
- Competent authority (outside the programme)
How this works across the six pillars.
Public Finance and Sovereign Debt works through six pillars of one annual programme, led by the Nexus Consortium, with GCRI, GRF and GRA each contributing in its role: explore, experiment and prototype in Labs, build, simulate and prepare in Foundry, convene and test in Universe, codify, correct and apply in Nexus Standards, publish in every format in Reports, teach in the open in Risk Academy.
handoff in playrecorded handoffno direct handoff
Programme yearAll phases
Route
The whole programme
Every pillar hands its work to another; together they close the year’s feedback loops.
L · F · U · S · R · A
- Pillars
- 6 of 6
- Handoffs
- 18 of 18
- Loops
- 17 closed
Handoffs in play
- F01Universe → Foundry · Admitted mission becomes a cycle project with a decision caseReadiness preparation
- F02Foundry → Universe · Core Build Report and go or no-go evidenceControlled build
- F03Foundry → Reports · Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profileCloseout
- F04Universe → Reports · After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13After-action review
and 14 more
- LabsWhere questions become experiments and prototypes: new methods, data and tools are tried in the open, with their limits on record, before the Foundry builds them, under the Nexus Consortium.Labs
- FoundryWhere exposure and scenario evidence is built so supervisors, insurers and investors can read it.Public Finance and Sovereign Debt in FoundryFoundry
- UniverseWhere scenarios are tested in controlled exercises, and finance-readiness dialogues read what they mean for capital and cover.Public Finance and Sovereign Debt in Universeuniverse.nexus
- Nexus StandardsWhere disclosure and data rules are codified so risk evidence is comparable for finance and insurance.Finance, Insurance and the Economy in Standardsnexustandards.com
- ReportsWhere sector analysis and the finance and insurance readiness series are published, with exposure and limits stated.Public Finance and Sovereign Debt in ReportsReports
- Risk AcademyWhere finance, insurance and public-finance professionals learn to read risk evidence, on Risk Academy.Faculty of Finance and Economics in Academyrisksacademy.com
The same field, seen three ways.
GCRI studies a field as science, GRF governs it and GRA builds shared financial understanding of it. Public Finance and Sovereign Debt links to its counterparts so that work on one side is visible on the others.
- AgencyInstitutionGCRIShared fieldDevelopment finance
- Climate and HazardsInstitutionGCRIShared fieldDisaster and crisis
- Disaster Resilience and RecoveryInstitutionGCRIShared fieldDisaster and crisis
- Economic DevelopmentInstitutionGCRIShared fieldDevelopment finance
- Capital NexusInstitutionGRFShared fieldDevelopment finance, Sovereign and public finance
- Disaster and Crisis GovernanceInstitutionGRFShared fieldDisaster and crisis
Pages in Public Finance and Sovereign Debt.
Industry scope and publisher
PageFinancial discipline overview
PageProfessional research
PageTechnology and emerging practices
PageResilience and finance readiness
PageResearch and industry programmes
PageAnalytical and data resources
PageProfessional community
PageProfessional learning
PageProfessional meetings
PageReports and sector briefs
PageMembership and research participation
PageContact the industry platform
PageAntitrust, independence and financial perimeter
PageSTEM foundation of Public Finance and Sovereign Debt
PageHow work moves in this field
PageBuild in Foundry
PageTest in Universe
PagePublish in Reports
PageThe same field across the Consortium
PageTopics
Where this page leads across the Consortium.
Questions and answers.
Who publishes Public Finance and Sovereign Debt?
Is Public Finance and Sovereign Debt active?
How can I contribute?
Where are findings published?
Which values on this platform are real?
How do I report an error?
How is this platform different from Sovereign Capital Nexus?
Does the platform rate sovereigns or predict defaults?
Contribute evidence from this page.
Reports is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.
- EmailGateway GW-GRASend it from this pageEvidence, a correction, a case, a method, a review, a translation or profile input. It arrives tagged with this page, so the editor who owns it receives it.
- ZenodoOpen depositDeposit it and submit to the communityPublish your own record on Zenodo with your ORCID iD, then submit it to the Reports community there. Curators review it; the DOI stays yours.
- ReportsGlobal Risks AllianceSee every way to contributeThe contribution types, how each is reviewed, what credit you receive, the licence and what is never accepted.
Never send personal data, sensitive infrastructure detail or anything you have no right to share. A contribution is reviewed before use; sending it confers no authorship or editorial rights, and sponsorship never buys a finding.
How Public Finance and Sovereign Debt works.
Choose a view and press Play to follow the platform’s process, its programme year, the standards it applies and how its findings are published. The outline shows how the work is designed to run, not the status of any decision.
Public Finance and Sovereign Debt
How Public Finance and Sovereign Debt works
Platforms · Programme year · Standards · Reports
A platform joins a field to named methods, labelled evidence and the outputs it publishes, without becoming the authority it serves.
01 Scope
- 01Field and familiesStart · The platform leadThe home states the field, its families and who it serves.
- 02Topic dossiersRecord · Platform authorsTopics explain the subject with labelled evidence.
02 Evidence
- 03Evidence labelsRecord · GCRIEach value is labelled: observed, published statistics, estimated, modelled, scenario or unknown.
- 04MethodsStep · Method ownersMethods come from the STEM Commons, each with one canonical page.
03 Work
- 05Scenarios on the systemsModel · Foundry pillarScenarios run on the Nexus systems, labelled as scenario.
- 06Standards that applyRecord · Nexus StandardsThe platform names the standards that apply. A validator report is evidence for review.
04 Publish
- 07EditionsRecord · ReportsFindings are published through Reports with their limits.
- 08Authority decidesOutcome · The competent authorityDecisions and execution stay with the government, operator or licensed institution.
Public Finance and Sovereign Debt home · Platforms · Shared methodsAn outline of how the work is designed to run; it does not report the status of any decision or record.
Take part in Public Finance and Sovereign Debt.
Start from who you are. Answer an open call. Or form and lead a competence cell on the Public Finance and Sovereign Debt platform.
National institutions
Ministries, statistics offices and agencies: a national desk and chapter, and a seat in the working groups. National chapters
Sectors and professions
Operators, regulators, banks, insurers and professional bodies whose work touches Public Finance and Sovereign Debt. Participate
Learning
Courses and practice, with a record of every course completed. Free to study. Open learning
Standards
Draft, review and adopt the methods and data standards with the working groups. Working groups
Communities and research
Universities, civil society and individual experts: projects, data and review. Write to the team
| Open call | Seeks | Closes |
|---|---|---|
| Founding call for experts to the working groups CALL-FOUNDING-EXPERTS | expert, editor, chair | 2026-12-15 |
| Open nomination for the three independent expert seats of the Global Standards Council CALL-GSC-IND | council-member | 2026-12-01 |
| Nominations of interim regional members (applies only if the transitional provision is decided) CALL-GSC-REG | council-member | 2026-12-15 |
| Review of the wave-1 risk core outlines (C1, C2, C3, C4, C8, C10, C11) CALL-REVIEW-WAVE1 | contributor | 2027-01-31 |
| Experts for the core standards of risk science: uncertainty and evidence grading, scales, structured expert judgement, tolerability, extremes and compound events, catastrophic and existential risk, ethics and equity, units and measurement (NRS-C17 to NRS-C24) CALL-CORE-SCIENCE | expert, editor, chair | 2027-01-31 |
| Independent reviewers for the families of the hazard atlas, three from at least two regions for each family (NHS2-R19), priority families first CALL-ATLAS-REVIEW | expert | 2027-03-31 |
| Members of the interim Frontier Safety Review Panel and red-team reviewers (biosafety and biosecurity, AI safety and security, critical-infrastructure security); applications treated in confidence CALL-FRONTIER-SAFETY-REVIEW | expert | 2026-11-30 |
| Experts in ontology, metrology, software verification and conformity assessment for the requirement register, the NHS-2 machine representation, the conformance test suites and the conformity assessment scheme CALL-CONFORMANCE-ONTOLOGY | expert, editor | 2027-01-31 |
Calls past their closing date are hidden automatically. Every call, proposal and route: open areas and calls.
Gather the cell
Bring together three to seven people with complementary skills: data, field practice, policy and communication.
Register it
Write to the team with the cell’s name, members, area and region. You receive a reference and a contact. Write to the team
Choose a charter
Pick one focus: research and evidence, data and maps, standards review, or community preparedness.
Learn together
Follow shared study paths at Risk Academy, with practice and a record of every course completed. Hazards and resilience
Lead and report
Hold regular sessions. Publish what the cell learns through Reports. Bring findings to the working groups. Working groups
What a national team or a local community can do on The Global Risks Index (NXS-GRX) today.
Your country’s profile
Open risk profiles for 195 countries, with sources and licences on every value. Open the Index
Correct or reply
Correct a value or reply for your country. The change is logged with its effect. Open the Index
Offer data
Offer a dataset. It enters through the licence gate, with your credit. Open the Index
Every figure on this page is indexed: hazards, climate, conflict, the world.
The Index is the Consortium’s indexing system for risk data. Every indicator, hazard, series and country profile carries its Nexus Standards identifier, its source and its licence, so what this page shows can be traced, corrected and reused.
- 01 · Sources205 registered sourcesEvery value keeps its source and licence; withheld values are counted.Data and licences
- 02 · Nexus StandardsNIS-1 and NHS-1451 indicators, 905 hazards; every record carries a UNI.Nexus Standards
- 03 · The Index54 series, 195 country profilesComputed on the standards; no value is published until an edition is released.The Global Risks Index
- 04 · This pagePublic Finance and Sovereign DebtMaps, figures and feeds read the Index in the context of hazards, climate, conflict.Public API
Series in this context hazards, climate, conflict
- GLBGlobal SystemsThe state of interdependent global risk: the twenty domain indices aggregated to the world, the five core systems (water, energy, food, health, biodiversity) and their couplings, the global tail register and the gap…NXS-GRX-AR-000002Hazards · Climate · Conflict
- THDisaster Risk Intelligence (DRI)Signals, observations, event streams, geospatial layers and scenario packs turned into structured risk intelligence for preparedness and planning.NXS-GRX-AR-000111Hazards · Climate · Conflict
- GSGlobal CitiesUrban exposure, heat, flooding, informal settlement, service dependency and the economic weight of cities at risk.NXS-GRX-AR-000068Hazards · Infrastructure · Climate
- GSGlobal ClimateChronic and acute physical climate hazard, transition exposure, adaptation gaps and scenario pathways to 2030, 2050 and 2100.NXS-GRX-AR-000065Climate · Hazards · Finance
Country profiles the world
Every country profile carries the source and licence of each value. Correct a value or reply
Hazard domains NHS-1
- Atmosphere and weatherNXS-GRX-AR-000135
- Solid EarthNXS-GRX-AR-000138
- Systemic and compound eventsNXS-GRX-AR-000148
Geodata and API open
Open layers on an equal-area hexagon grid, shown as densities per km² or as symbols: People · GHSL 2025People · WorldPop 2025Built-up areaPortsAirportsRoadsRailwaysRivers and lake centrelines
/api/v1/public/grix · https://nexustandards.com/uni/{uni}
Developers · Data · Made with Natural Earth, Public domain; GHSL and WorldPop, CC BY 4.0
Snapshot of the Index registries pinned 2026-10-23 · 22c6eed. Research and risk-analytics information: not a rating, an official classification, a warning, a benchmark or advice.
Bring an exposure or capital question to the Alliance.
Information and enquiries are open today. An enquiry receives a reference and names the next step; applications, payments, compute allocations and registrations open only when their team, terms and review capacity exist.
Legal documents.
Maps, data and figures on this site are shown for context and general information. They are not advice, forecasts or warnings; the limits of the information are set out in the Disclaimers and Data Notices.