The Global Risks Alliance (GRA)
Topics at Development Finance Nexus: the pages in this section are listed below, each with its own scope and status.
GRA · Established · service level R0
The Development Finance Nexus topics are the ten subject dossiers of its field, among them country programme readiness, public investment and projects, and climate adaptation finance. Each dossier sets out how the risk develops, what is measured and in which units, the public sources and their licences, the methods, who decides and the limits of the evidence.
GRA is a nonprofit business league for the financial services industry. It does not lend, underwrite, rate, invest, advise on or arrange transactions, and readiness work is not approval.
Topic pages in Development Finance Nexus share one structure: mechanisms, indicators, sources, methods, decisions and limits, written for development bank project and risk officers and environmental and social specialists.
Each term as this page uses it. Where a standard-setting body defines the term, the wording follows that body.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Risk of debt distress | A rating of low, moderate, high or in distress from the IMF-World Bank low-income country debt sustainability framework. |
| Optimism bias | The tendency to underestimate costs and durations and overestimate benefits at appraisal. |
| Rio markers | OECD DAC markers that flag aid activities targeting climate adaptation or mitigation as a principal or significant objective. |
| Offtaker | The buyer under a long-term purchase agreement, such as a state utility buying power from a private plant. |
| Involuntary resettlement | Physical or economic displacement caused by project land acquisition or restrictions on land use. |
The bodies and documents this page is read against. Status and editions change; each link goes to the issuing body.
Evidence for national and regional development priorities.
TopicInfrastructure preparation and risks.
TopicDevelopment challenges and adaptation.
TopicEssential service resilience.
TopicEquity and human development.
TopicEvidence before institutional decisions.
TopicEnvironmental and social safeguards.
TopicReceivers, independent diligence and limitations.
TopicProject preparation, financial risk and public infrastructure safeguards.
TopicDevelopment finance and small enterprise access.
The current service level is R0: information and enquiries. An enquiry receives a reference and names the next step; applications, payments, compute allocations and registrations open only when their team, terms and review capacity exist.