GRA · Reinsurance and Catastrophe
Spatial financeWhere capital meets hazard, exposure and transition
Resilience and finance readiness
Catastrophe readiness asks whether the exposure, hazard and loss evidence behind a programme is good enough for a reinsurer, a catastrophe bond investor or a public pool to run its own model. Reinsurance and Catastrophe, a the Global Risks Alliance (GRA) platform, prepares that evidence and the modelling questions. It never prices, places or structures any layer, and readiness is not insurability.
The workspace for resilience and finance readiness.
Programme board
Cedent C-07 · Resilience and finance · Cycle 1 of 4 · Example interface, not a record
- Workstreams active5چالاک
- Milestones due this quarter8چاودێری
- Decisions pending with owners2چاودێری
- Open risks10
Workstreams
by stage
دەروازەکان
- داواکاریowner named
- تێبینی سنوورboundary
- شارەزاinputs
- بنیاتنانFoundry
- تاقیکردنەوەcontrolled
- بڵاوکردنەوەwith limits
- بڕیارauthority
Reinsurance and Catastrophe · Programme board. Programme board: example names and illustrative values, not a record.
Readiness is not approval.
A readiness file describes a programme’s evidence, risks and governance so that an institution can carry out its own review. GRA does not approve, rate, underwrite, lend or invest, and it recommends no counterparty.
Risk transfer structures, described from the public record.
| پێکهاتە | How it responds | Main risk for the buyer |
|---|---|---|
| Excess of loss, per occurrence | Pays above a retention for each event, up to a limit | Multiple events in a year each eat the retention |
| Aggregate excess of loss | Pays when annual losses exceed a threshold | Definition of covered events and hours clauses |
| Quota share | Shares a fixed proportion of premiums and losses | Ceding commission and counterparty risk |
| Indemnity catastrophe bond | Pays on the sponsor’s actual losses | Longer settlement; investors bear moral hazard |
| Parametric or industry-index catastrophe bond | Pays on an index or modelled loss | Basis risk between index and actual loss |
چۆن پرۆسەکە کار دەکات.
Process explorer · Process
Resilience and finance readiness: Disaster risk finance layers
9 steps·4 قۆناغ
پرۆسە
Resilience and finance readiness: Disaster risk finance layers
A World Bank working paper layers risk: reserves finance small losses, and contingent credit and reinsurance add capacity for moderate and catastrophic losses.
01 Risk
- 01Risk profileDataset · BrokerThe layers start from the expected losses a government faces, by size of loss.
02 Layers
- 02Bottom layer: reservesStep · BrokerSmall losses are retained and financed from savings and reserves.
- 03Middle layer: contingent creditStep · BrokerContingent credit works best to support risk retention for middle layers. Funds are available only in the event of a disaster.
- 04Top layer: insurance and risk transferStep · BrokerSevere losses are transferred through insurance, reinsurance or insurance-linked securities. Cat bonds suit extreme, low-frequency risks.
03 Readiness
- 05Financing agreed before the eventComponent · BrokerThe financing strategy sets in advance which layer responds to which loss. Contingent credit and reinsurance are contracted before an event.
- 06TriggerDecision · BrokerA hard trigger is an objective measure such as event magnitude. A soft trigger is a declaration, such as a government state of emergency.
04 Funds and review
- 07DisbursementStep · BrokerFunds are released once the trigger is met. Parametric insurance can pay within two weeks, with no claims adjustment.
- 08Use of the fundsStep · BrokerParametric payouts suit immediate relief and early recovery. Delivery channels are not described in the sources read.
- 09پێداچوونەوەStep · BrokerAfter an event the speed of funds and the match between payout and loss are reviewed, and the layers redesigned.
Outline of an external standard or method, from its public sources. It describes what the framework says, not a record of any run. It does not show that Nexus or any partner performs, certifies or approves a step. A gate is a step of the method, never a Nexus approval. No return periods are fixed by the sources read.
How supervisors credit risk transfer.
Solvency II, the Insurance Capital Standard and local regimes recognise reinsurance and insurance-linked securities as reducing capital need when risk is effectively transferred and counterparties are sound. Basis risk and collateral quality affect that recognition. Topic depth at reinsurance structures.
Who sees a readiness file.
A file is released only at the programme owner’s written direction, to a party the owner chooses, with no fee tied to any transaction.
Where this page’s references lead.
ئەو لەش و بەڵگەنامانەی ئەم لاپەڕەیەیان لەگەڵ دەخوێنرێتەوە. دۆخ و وەشانەکان دەگۆڕێن؛ هەر بەستەرێک دەچێتە لای لەشی دەرکەر.
Pages in Resilience and finance readiness.
پرسیار و وەڵام.
Does a readiness file mean finance is available?
Bring an exposure or capital question to the Alliance.
زانیاری و پرسیار ئەمڕۆ کراوەن. پرسیارێک ژمارەی ئاماژەی پێدەدرێت و هەنگاوی دواتر دیاری دەکات؛ داواکاری، پارەدان، تەرخانکردنی کۆمپیوتەر و تۆمارکردن تەنیا کاتێک دەکرێنەوە کە تیم، مەرج و توانای پێداچوونەوەیان هەبێت.
بەڵگەنامە یاساییەکان.
نەخشە، داتا و وێنەکانی ئەم ماڵپەڕە بۆ ناوەڕۆک و زانیاریی گشتی پیشان دراون. ئامۆژگاری، پێشبینی یان ئاگادارکردنەوە نین؛ سنوورەکانی زانیارییەکە لە ڕەتکردنەوەی بەرپرسیارێتی و ئاگاداریی داتادا دەستنیشان کراون.