Financial Crime and Fraud Risk
The Global Risks Alliance (GRA)
Topics at Financial Crime and Fraud Risk: the pages in this section are listed below, each with its own scope and status.
GRA · In development · service level R0
The Financial Crime and Fraud Risk topics are the eight subject dossiers of its field, among them payments fraud, identity fraud and money laundering risk. Each dossier sets out how the risk develops, what is measured and in which units, the public sources and their licences, the methods, who decides and the limits of the evidence.
GRA is a nonprofit business league for the financial services industry. It does not lend, underwrite, rate, invest, advise on or arrange transactions, and readiness work is not approval.
Topic pages in Financial Crime and Fraud Risk share one structure: mechanisms, indicators, sources, methods, decisions and limits, written for AML and fraud teams and sanctions specialists.
Each term as this page uses it. Where a standard-setting body defines the term, the wording follows that body.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Unauthorised fraud | A payment made without the account holder's consent, such as with stolen card details. |
| Synthetic identity | An identity created by combining real and fabricated details that may match no real person. |
| Layering | Moving funds through complex transactions to obscure their criminal source. |
| Suspicious activity report | A report by a regulated firm to its FIU about activity it suspects involves crime. |
| Impersonation scam | A scam in which criminals pose as a bank, official or trusted contact to obtain money. |
The bodies and documents this page is read against. Status and editions change; each link goes to the issuing body.
Fraud in digital transactions.
TopicIdentity compromise and synthetic identities.
TopicAML typologies and governance.
TopicInvestigation responsibility and safeguards.
TopicScam harm and protective controls.
TopicDue diligence and exclusion policies.
TopicCyber/fraud intersections.
TopicSensitive data and privacy boundaries.
The current service level is R0: information and enquiries. An enquiry receives a reference and names the next step; applications, payments, compute allocations and registrations open only when their team, terms and review capacity exist.