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class=\"nx-theme-toggle\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Appearance of this page\" hidden><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"light\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Light<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"dark\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Dark<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"auto\" aria-pressed=\"true\">Auto<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-folio\" aria-label=\"Document reference\"><strong>A-P03 \u00b7 INDEX \u00b7 topics<\/strong>GRA dossier \u00b7 service level R0<\/div><div class=\"nx-hero-grid\"><div class=\"nx-hero-text\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">GRA<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00b7<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Disaster Risk Finance<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00b7<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">In development<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-accent-row\"><span class=\"nx-accent-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span>Disaster Risk Finance \u00b7 Topics<\/span><\/div><h1 id=\"nx-title-1\" class=\"nx-hero-title\">Topics<\/h1><p class=\"nx-tagline\">Topics at Disaster Risk Finance: the pages in this section are listed below, each with its own scope and status.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/topics\/risk-financing-layers\/\">Open Risk financing layers <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/\">Back to Disaster Risk Finance<\/a><\/div><dl class=\"nx-facts\"><div><dt class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Publisher<\/dt><dd>The Global Risks Alliance<\/dd><\/div><div><dt class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Field<\/dt><dd>Disaster and crisis, Sovereign and public finance, Development finance, Insurance and catastrophe<\/dd><\/div><div><dt class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Status<\/dt><dd>In development<\/dd><\/div><div><dt class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Service level<\/dt><dd>R0: information and enquiries<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section> <nav class=\"nx-index-strip\" data-nx-spy=\"true\" aria-label=\"On this page\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><a href=\"#nx-sec-brief-answer\"><span>01<\/span>The short answer<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-about-this-section\"><span>02<\/span>Topics at Disaster Risk Finance<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-pg-nx-gra-a-p03-tp\"><span>03<\/span>Disaster Risk Finance topics, and\u2026<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-terms\"><span>04<\/span>Terms used on this page<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-pg-sources\"><span>05<\/span>Where this page's references lead<\/a><a href=\"#nx-s-7-sec\"><span>06<\/span>Pages in Topics<\/a><\/div><\/nav> <section id=\"nx-sec-brief-answer\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"systemic\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">In brief<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-2\" class=\"nx-section-title\">The short answer.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The Disaster Risk Finance topics are the eight subject dossiers of its field, among them risk financing layers, sovereign contingent liabilities, and insurance and public pools. Each dossier sets out how the risk develops, what is measured and in which units, the public sources and their licences, the methods, who decides and the limits of the evidence.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-about-this-section\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"finance\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">About this section<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-3\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Topics at Disaster Risk Finance.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">GRA is a nonprofit business league for the financial services industry. It does not lend, underwrite, rate, invest, advise on or arrange transactions, and readiness work is not approval.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-pg-nx-gra-a-p03-tp\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"systemic\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic map<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-4\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Disaster Risk Finance topics, and the question each answers.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><ul class=\"nx-dir\" data-cols=\"2\" aria-label=\"Topic\"><li><a class=\"nx-dir-row\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/topics\/risk-financing-layers\/\"><span class=\"nx-dir-name\">Disaster risk layering explained<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">The question<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">No single instrument pays for every disaster at reasonable cost.<\/span><\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dir-row\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/topics\/sovereign-contingent-liabilities\/\"><span class=\"nx-dir-name\">Sovereign disaster contingent liabilities<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">The question<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">When disaster strikes, governments pay for relief, reconstruction of public assets, support to households and firms, and sometimes losses of state enterprises and banks.<\/span><\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dir-row\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/topics\/insurance-and-public-pools\/\"><span class=\"nx-dir-name\">Sovereign insurance and risk pools<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">The question<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">Insurance moves part of disaster cost from governments and households to insurers and capital markets.<\/span><\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dir-row\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/topics\/anticipatory-finance\/\"><span class=\"nx-dir-name\">Anticipatory finance and early action<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">The question<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">Anticipatory finance releases money on a forecast, before a flood, cyclone or drought strikes, so that people can evacuate, protect assets or receive cash before losses peak.<\/span><\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dir-row\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/topics\/post-disaster-financing\/\"><span class=\"nx-dir-name\">Post-disaster financing sources<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">The question<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">After a disaster, governments assemble money from many sources: budget reallocation, contingency funds, emergency loans, insurance payments, humanitarian appeals, debt service pauses and reconstruction grants.<\/span><\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dir-row\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/topics\/public-investment-and-resilience\/\"><span class=\"nx-dir-name\">Resilient public investment<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">The question<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">The cheapest disaster to finance is the one that causes less damage.<\/span><\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dir-row\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/topics\/financing-evidence-and-diligence\/\"><span class=\"nx-dir-name\">Disaster finance diligence and evidence<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">The question<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">Every disaster finance decision rests on evidence: risk models, loss data, exposure, forecast skill and evaluations of past instruments.<\/span><\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dir-row\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/topics\/disaster-finance-governance\/\"><span class=\"nx-dir-name\">Disaster finance governance<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">The question<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">Disaster money must move fast and still be accountable.<\/span><\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><p class=\"nx-p\">Topic pages in Disaster Risk Finance share one structure: mechanisms, indicators, sources, methods, decisions and limits, written for ministry of finance risk units and disaster management agencies.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-terms\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"finance\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-5\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Key terms<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-5\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Terms used on this page.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Each term as this page uses it. Where a standard-setting body defines the term, the wording follows that body.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Term<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Definition<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Risk retention<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">Bearing a loss directly through budgets or reserves rather than transferring it.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Explicit contingent liability<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">A government obligation set in law or contract that becomes due if an event occurs.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Basis risk<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">The difference between a parametric payout and the actual loss suffered.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Early action protocol<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">A pre-agreed plan specifying triggers, actions, roles and funding for acting before a forecast hazard.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Ex post financing<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">Funding mobilised after a disaster has occurred, such as new borrowing or appeals.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-pg-sources\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"systemic\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-6\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Sources<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-6\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where this page's references lead.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The bodies and documents this page is read against. Status and editions change; each link goes to the issuing body.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-list\" data-nav=\"true\"><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.financialprotectionforum.org\/\"><span>World Bank Disaster Risk Financing and Insurance Program: risk layering and instrument guidance<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.undrr.org\/publication\/sendai-framework-disaster-risk-reduction-2015-2030\"><span>Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 (UNDRR)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/news\/factsheet\/2024\/11\/12\/crisis-preparedness-and-response-toolkit\"><span>World Bank climate resilient debt clauses and crisis preparedness toolkit (expanded 2023 and 2024)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-7-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"finance\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-7\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Pages<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-7\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Pages in Topics.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cards\" data-cols=\"3\"><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/topics\/risk-financing-layers\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Risk financing layers<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Retention, contingency and external risk transfer.<\/p><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/topics\/sovereign-contingent-liabilities\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Sovereign contingent liabilities<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Disaster costs and budget exposures.<\/p><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/topics\/insurance-and-public-pools\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Insurance and public pools<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Pools and insurance readiness.<\/p><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/topics\/anticipatory-finance\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Anticipatory finance<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Triggers and preparedness evidence.<\/p><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/topics\/post-disaster-financing\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Post disaster financing<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Liquidity timing and recovery resources.<\/p><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/topics\/public-investment-and-resilience\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Public investment and resilience<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Risk-sensitive budget and capital projects.<\/p><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/topics\/financing-evidence-and-diligence\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Financing evidence and diligence<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Independent reviewer information needs.<\/p><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/topics\/disaster-finance-governance\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Disaster finance governance<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Authority, consent and approval limits.<\/p><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-rel-8\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Related<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-rel-8\" class=\"nx-h3 nx-mt-2\">Around Disaster Risk Finance.<\/h2><nav class=\"nx-related nx-mt-3\" aria-label=\"Related\"><a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/about\/\">Industry scope and publisher <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/sector\/\">Financial discipline overview <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/research\/\">Professional research <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/innovation\/\">Technology and emerging practices <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/readiness\/\">Resilience and finance readiness <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/programmes\/\">Research and industry programmes <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/disaster-risk-finance\/\">Disaster Risk Finance 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aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/nav><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-closing\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-close-9\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Disaster Risk Finance<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-close-9\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Bring your expertise to this field.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The current service level is R0: information and enquiries. 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